Reactions of Senior Citizens to 9/11

Monahan, Kathleen; Lurie, Abraham

doi:10.1300/j010v45n01_03

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It appears that some of those who have been exposed to a traumatic event have reacted by questioning their religious belief system, whereas in others such an event can serve to strengthen their beliefs, whereby the event is turned into a resource for continued faith (Falsetti, Resick, & Davis, 2003; Monahan & Lurie, 2007). In addition, it has been suggested that religious conviction in fact prevents the development of PTSD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder among three-generation families in times of war: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arabs after the Second Lebanon War (2006) and Cast Lead Operation (2009).

Ron¹

2014

Traumatology

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There is little mention in the existing literature regarding the differential effects of wars or military operations on 3-generation families. Participants (n ϭ 509; 167 elderly parents, 171 adult offspring, and 171 adult grandchildren) living in the northern and southern regions of Israel were interview after the Second Lebanon War ( 2006) and the Cast Lead Operation ( 2009). The participants were sampled by using a cluster sampling. Elderly parents experience higher levels of PTSD symptoms than their adult children or their adult grandchildren do. Women experience higher levels of PTSD symptoms than men and Israeli Arabs and Druze higher levels than Israeli Jews in all 3 generations. A policy should be enacted among the local authorities and the governmental offices that would ensure accessibility to and the ability to provide proper care especially for the elderly population during times of war, military operations, or terror events. In addition, it is important to set up local teams in every local community to deal with the level of mental and emotional preparedness of the homefront and its inhabitants, in case the latter should again become part of the human casualties of the wars and terrorist events that occur in Israel.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Posttraumatic stress disorder among three-generation families in times of war: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arabs after the Second Lebanon War (2006) and Cast Lead Operation (2009).

Ron¹

2014

Traumatology

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“…Perhaps surprisingly, despite the possible differences in potential impact of the attacks in individuals across the lifespan, there has been limited attention paid to age differences in response to the attacks immediately or over time. Moreover, while a large body of research has explored the effects of the attacks on youths in the United States (see Eisenberg & Silver, 2011, for a review), there has been relatively little attention paid to the impact of the attacks in the elderly (see Lamet, Szuchman, Perkel, & Walsh, 2009;Monahan & Lurie, 2007;Tracy & Galea, 2006, for exceptions). In addition, no research has examined the differential immediate and enduring impact of 9/11 across the full range of the adult lifespan.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A lifespan perspective on terrorism: Age differences in trajectories of response to 9/11.

Scott

Poulin

Silver

2013

Developmental Psychology

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A terrorist attack is an adverse event characterized by both an event-specific stressor and concern about future threats. Little is known about age differences in responses to terrorism. This longitudinal study examined generalized distress, posttraumatic stress responses, and fear of future attacks following the September 11, 2001 (9/11) terrorist attacks among a large U.S. national sample of adults (N = 2,240) aged 18-101 years. Individuals completed Web-based surveys up to 6 times over 3 years post 9/11. Multilevel models revealed different age-related patterns for distress, posttraumatic stress, and ongoing fear of future attacks. Specifically, older age was associated with lower overall levels of general distress, a steeper decline in posttraumatic stress over time, and less change in fear of future terrorist attacks over the 3 years. Understanding age differences in response to the stress of terrorism adds to the growing body of work on age differences in reactions to adversity.

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“…30 Several theories have been used to interpret the various study outcomes and, as with the studies themselves, these theoretical approaches highlight differences in the characterization of older adults' ability to cope with extreme events and disasters. For example, the inoculation hypothesis posits that older adults are better able to respond to crisis because they have likely dealt with severe challenges in the past, 31 whereas the maturation hypothesis proposes that successful aging brings with it a level of resilience due to more successful coping strategies. 32 A study testing the 2 theories in relation to older adults' responses to the 2001 World Trade Center attacks and to Hurricane Sandy found support for the maturation hypothesis in the case of Hurricane Sandy and for the inoculation hypothesis when examining the 2001 attacks.…”

Section: Psychological Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological and Physical Impacts of Extreme Events on Older Adults: Implications for Communications

McClelland

Amlôt²,

Rogers

et al. 2016

Disaster med. public health prep.

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In recent years, a series of large-scale, high-profile natural disasters and terrorist attacks have demonstrated the need for thorough and effective disaster preparedness. While these extreme events affect communities and societies as a whole, they also carry specific risks for particular population groups. Crises such as Hurricane Katrina and the 2011 earthquake and tsunami disaster in Japan have illustrated the risk of significant and disproportionate morbidity and mortality among older adults during disasters. Age does not necessarily equate to vulnerability, but many physical and psychological consequences of the aging process can increase the risk of adverse outcomes. As the older population grows, so too does the need to ensure that adequate, practical, and appropriate measures exist to offset the specific risks from extreme events associated with this subpopulation. Effective risk and crisis communication plays a key role in mitigating the extent to which older adults are differentially affected during extreme events. By identifying the specific issues affecting older adults, this review highlights important areas for action for practitioners and policy-makers, particularly in the realm of crisis communication. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:127–134)

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Reactions of Senior Citizens to 9/11

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Posttraumatic stress disorder among three-generation families in times of war: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arabs after the Second Lebanon War (2006) and Cast Lead Operation (2009).

Posttraumatic stress disorder among three-generation families in times of war: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arabs after the Second Lebanon War (2006) and Cast Lead Operation (2009).

A lifespan perspective on terrorism: Age differences in trajectories of response to 9/11.

Psychological and Physical Impacts of Extreme Events on Older Adults: Implications for Communications

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