Reactions of molybdenum trisulfide, tungsten trisulfide, tungsten triselenide, and niobium triselenide with lithium. Metal cluster rearrangement revealed by EXAFS

Scott, Robert A.; Jacobson, Allan J.; Chianelli, R. R.; Pan, W.-H.; Stiefel, Edward I.; Cramer, Stephen P.

doi:10.1021/ic00229a032

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Figure 4 (A) illustrates the first, second, fifth and tenth discharge/charge voltage profiles of the MoS x /MWNTs composite electrode in the voltage range of 0.01 to 3 V (vs. Li/Li + ). During the first discharge, the initial discharge capacity between 2.0 to 1.5 V can be attributed in part to the reaction of residual carbon (MWNTs) surface functional group38 and in part to lithium insertion into the MoS x /MWNTs composites forming Li n MoS x (0 < n < 4)39, according to the reaction MoS x + nLi + + ne − → Li n MoS x 2740. We note that it is previously proposed that a better formulation for MoS 3 would be Mo V 2 (S 2 2− )(S 2− ) 4 , therefore, the reduction of sulfur during initial discharge can also be considered here39.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembly of hierarchical MoSx/CNT nanocomposites (2<x<3): towards high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Shi

Wang

Wong

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

299

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two dimension (2D) layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has emerged as a promising candidate for the anode material in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, 2D MoSx (2 ≤ x ≤ 3) nanosheet-coated 1D multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) nanocomposites with hierarchical architecture were synthesized via a high-throughput solvent thermal method under low temperature at 200°C. The unique hierarchical nanostructures with MWNTs backbone and nanosheets of MoSx have significantly promoted the electrode performance in LIBs. Every single MoSx nanosheet interconnect to MWNTs centers with maximized exposed electrochemical active sites, which significantly enhance ion diffusion efficiency and accommodate volume expansion during the electrochemical reaction. A remarkably high specific capacity (i.e., > 1000 mAh/g) was achieved at the current density of 50 mA g−1, which is much higher than theoretical numbers for either MWNTs or MoS2 along (~372 and ~670 mAh/g, respectively). We anticipate 2D nanosheets/1D MWNTs nanocomposites will be promising materials in new generation practical LIBs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembly of hierarchical MoSx/CNT nanocomposites (2<x<3): towards high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Shi

Wang

Wong

et al. 2013

Sci Rep

299

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The resulting product was a hydrate and it is unclear whether it corresponds exactly to our product or not. The preparative reaction for cobalt polysulfide is not straightforward, although a very simple reaction scheme can be Written (9). Analysis of the supernatant liquid gives somewhat more sulfate than the equivalent amount of sodium and Co s+, while the pH becomes more acidic, suggesting formation of HSO~ .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CoS~ ~ Co2S7 + 3S [9] We have also prepared similar polysulfides in nonaqueous solution by treating COC12 with [N(C4Hg)412S4 in CH3CN, forming an insoluble, as well as a soluble polysulfide species. This soluble species analyzes as (approximately) N(C4Hg)4CoS8 and gives an NMR signal which suggests that at least some of the cobalt is present as Co (III).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transition Metal Polysulfides as Battery Cathodes

Bowden¹,

Barnette²,

Demuth³

1988

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Amorphous polysulfides of iron, nickel, and cobalt were prepared and characterized. The resulting compounds, Co2S7, Co2S9, Ni2ST, and Fe3Ss were evaluated as cathode materials in organic electrolyte lithium batteries. The cobalt compounds in particular delivered very high capacities of 1-1.2 A-h/g at voltages around 1.SV. The resulting cells possessed high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities.Sulfur is a very high energy density cathode for a lithium battery. Since elemental sulfur is an extremely good insulator, it has poor properties as an electrode. Sulfur is also soluble in some organic solvents, and tends to form polysulfides which are even more soluble in the presence of an alkali metal sulfide. Thus, sulfur does not appear to be an attractive candidate material for use in an organic electrolyte ambient temperature lithium battery. Metal sulfides with a fully reduced sulfur, such as FeS, do not utilize the high energy density of sulfur, since the sulfur does not participate in the overall reaction [1] 2Li+ FeS -~ Li2S + Fe[1]Earlier workers have tried to utilize the high energy densities of sulfur by using alkali metal polysulfides. In one case, the lithium polysulfides were dissolved in a THF based organic electrolyte and discharged at a porous carbon electrode, giving a rechargeable cathode (1). Since both polysulfide species were soluble, both high rate discharge and recharge were expected [2] Li2S4 + 2Li ~ 2Li~S~[2]In another, more recent approach, the alkali metal polysulfides were used in electrolytes in which the polysultides were insoluble. The resulting cells had a much longer storage life, but high current capabilities of the cells were limited (2). Both previous examples of polysulfide electrochemistry promised high gravimetric energy densities, but limitations on power capability and/or storage have, thus far, prevented commercial development of the systems. A composite approach is to combine the very high energy density of sulfur with the insolubility and good electrochemical behavior of a transition metal sulfide. An excellent example of such a compound, which combines both sulfur capacity and sulfide cathode characteristics, is iron pyrite, FeS2. The electrochemistry of iron pyrite has been studied and very high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities have been shown to be attainable (3). The discharge of FeS2 is a complex process, unlike the simplified form [3] shown below, although this appears to approximate the final products and stoichiometryThere are numerous examples of transition metal disulfides to choose from, such as COS2, NiS2, and MnS2, as well as FeS2. Metal trisulfides and higher sulfides are much less well known, with TiS3 and VS4 being the only *Electrochemical Society Active Member.well-known first row polysulfides and MoS3 and NbS3 in the second transition series. This is in substantial contrast to the alkali metals, where species such as Cs2S~ and Na2S5 are comparatively stable and well known. In view of the growing chemistry of polysulfide complexes fr...

show abstract

“…t--K~z [9] where oxygen is evolved at the total system pressure, Pt, in atmospheres. Equation [9] is the starting point for thinking about the changes in concentration of reactant (H~O) and product (H~) over the surface of the high temperature electrochemical cell surface, and the effect of these changes on E, the reversible cell voltage.…”

Section: Theoreticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above expression, plus [9], [13], and [14] leads to the first Voloshchenko (3) relationship, adapted to the case illustrated in Fig. 1.…”

Section: Conceptual Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Models for Zirconia Electrolyte Cells at Low Current Density

Maskalick

McLain

1988

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This preliminary design study compares high temperature electrolysis, having H20(g) flow delivered parallel to the tube (model I), with H20(g) reactant cross-fed, perpendicular to the axes of series-connected tubes (model 2). Calculations for model 1 correlate with relevant experimental data. Model 2 calculations predict higher energy efficiencies than model i. If model 2 design philosophy is employed, hydrogen production is estimated, at 99.9% purity, and at i00 mA/cm ~, to require 1.017V at 0.902 energy efficiency, using tubular cells employing the present design. Tube design optimization, with normalized cell resistance, p lowered to 0.35 ~ cm 2, is estimated to result in 99.9% pure hydrogen product at 0.952V and 0.963 energy efficiency for the same i00 mAJcm 2 design point. Hydrogen purity, cell current density, and resistance are key modeling parameters.An electrical generator employing a low temperature trolyte (e.g., 1000~ will provide a net power output (Pnet) hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell in closed cycle with a high if sustaining solar thermal energy is available and cell temperature H20 electrolysis cell with solid oxide eleccurrent effieiencies, ~'f and ~'e are high. If V~ and Ve are, respectively, fuel cell and electrolysis cell driving volt-*Electrochemical Society Active Member. ages, then, at a current, I ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 130.179.16.201 Downloaded on 2015-06-14 to IP Vol. 135, No. 1 ZIRCONIA ELECTROLYTE CELLS 7 P.~t = [c~'fV~ -VJ~'~]I ) unless CC License in place (see abstract). ecsdl.org/site/terms_use address. Redistribution subject to ECS terms of use (see 130.179.16.201 Downloaded on 2015-06-14 to IP

show abstract

Reactions of molybdenum trisulfide, tungsten trisulfide, tungsten triselenide, and niobium triselenide with lithium. Metal cluster rearrangement revealed by EXAFS

Cited by 34 publications

References 2 publications

Self-assembly of hierarchical MoSx/CNT nanocomposites (2<x<3): towards high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Self-assembly of hierarchical MoSx/CNT nanocomposites (2<x<3): towards high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries

Transition Metal Polysulfides as Battery Cathodes

Performance Models for Zirconia Electrolyte Cells at Low Current Density

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About