Reactions of chicken biliary immunoglobulin A with avian mycoplasmas

Abstract

Chicken bile was examined for mycoplasma by culture and for antibody against mycoplasma by indirect immunoperoxidase assay (IIPA) detecting chicken either IgA or IgG and IgM, as well as by rapid plate agglutination (RPA), haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and double immuno-diffusion (DID). Cultures indicated the presence of M. gallisepticum (Mg) and Ai. synoviae (Ms) in bile and their isolations were positively correlated with those from upper respiratory tract. In 45 chickens from five flocks examination of biliary samples with IIPA detected considerably higher rates of Mg and Ms antibodies than the same assay performed with sera especially those of IgA class of antibody. In chickens with a strong serological response to Mg, titres of specific agglutinins and HI antibody in biliary samples were significantly higher than those found in sera. Only biliary fractions containing Ig exhibited antibody activity.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: influence of cell invasiveness on the outcome of experimental infection in chickens

“…The avian pathogen can be transmitted from infected birds via aerosol or via the egg [10]. Apart from a small number of reports describing the isolation of M. gallisepticum after intravenous inoculation from the hock of arthritic chickens [6] or from the brain of turkeys [9,11] and from the bile [12] or the brain [13] of naturally infected birds, the presence of M. gallisepticum in various inner organs has never been assessed. In birds experimentally infected via the respiratory tract, such findings would formally demonstrate that M. gallisepticum has the capability to translocate across the respiratory mucosal barrier, enter the bloodstream and disseminate throughout the body.…”

Mycoplasma galliscepticum: An overview

“…MG can penetrate the respiratory mucosal barrier, enter the bloodstream, and spread throughout the body. MG can be found in various tissues and organs, such as the respiratory system (air sacs, nasal turbinates, lungs, and sinuses), reproductive tract (oviducts and ovaries), testes, cloaca, as well as mucous membranes of the mammary glands, brain, eyes, gallbladder, and joints (Levisohn and Kleven, 2000;Bencina et al, 1991;Nunoya et al, 1995;Amin and Jordan, 1978). Infections caused by different strains of MG show significant variations in clinical symptoms.…”

Mycoplasma gallisepticum: influence of cell invasiveness on the outcome of experimental infection in chickens

“…Although M. gallisepticum infections mainly a¡ect the respiratory tract, they may occasionally cause keratoconjunctivitis [5], salpingitis [6,7], arthritis [8] and fatal encephalopathy [9]. Apart from a small number of reports describing the isolation of M. gallisepticum after intravenous inoculation from the hock of arthritic chickens [6] or from the brain of turkeys [9,11] and from the bile [12] or the brain [13] of naturally infected birds, the presence of M. gallisepticum in various inner organs has never been assessed. Apart from a small number of reports describing the isolation of M. gallisepticum after intravenous inoculation from the hock of arthritic chickens [6] or from the brain of turkeys [9,11] and from the bile [12] or the brain [13] of naturally infected birds, the presence of M. gallisepticum in various inner organs has never been assessed.…”