Reactions and Antibody Responses to Reinforcing Doses of Adsorbed and Plain Tetanus Vaccines

Collier, Leslie; Polakoff, Sheila; Mortimer, Janet

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(79)92006-3

Cited by 79 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…41 %) in the group receiving tetanus vaccine than that reported for recipients of booster doses of an identical formulation at British Leyland (White, 1980). The local reactions reported were more comparable in terms of incidence and severity to those recorded by Collier et al (1979) following the administration of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine 5Lf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Also the pain lasted, on average, for 1 day longer. The increased incidence of pain could not be attributed to a higher aluminium content in Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine (Collier, Polakoff & Mortimer, 1979) since the concentration of aluminium in the two vaccines was almost identical. It is more likely that the use of Alhydrogel as compared to aluminium phosphate increased the occurrence of pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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A comparative clinical study of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine and Adult-type Tetanus–Diphtheria Vaccine

Deacon

Langford

Shepherd

et al. 1982

J. Hyg.

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SUMMARYA limited assessment of immunity to diphtheria revealed that only 44-8 % of adults had protective levels (> 0-01 U/ml) of diphtheria antitoxin in their sera. In the light of this information, it was decided to assessthe suitability of Adult-type Tetanus-Diphtheria Vaccine as a replacement for Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine in occupational health schemes. A comparative study of these vaccines showed that a single dose of each produced an equivalent rate and level of tetanus antitoxin responses. Adult-type Td Vaccine elicited more than fourfold increases ofdiphtheria antitoxin in 76 % of vaccinees. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical reactivity of the vaccines under test. However, the combined vaccine caused a slightly higher incidence of local reactions (pain, redness and swelling) while recipients of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine more frequently experienced pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A comparative clinical study of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine and Adult-type Tetanus–Diphtheria Vaccine

Deacon

Langford

Shepherd

et al. 1982

J. Hyg.

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“…Collier et al 28 Assessed at 2 days post vaccination. AV, n = 113; 49 M, 64 F. FT, n = 120; 55 M, 65 F…”

Section: > F Plain Tetanus Vaccine-ft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…88 A significant body of data exists showing a direct correlation between elevated pre-vaccination IgG levels and local reaction. These data are derived from studies with tetanus toxoid, 28,29,[89][90][91][92][93] diphtheria toxoid, 94-100 whole cell pertussis, 101 diphtheria/tetanus/acellular pertussis (DTaP) 38,102 and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. 57,81,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] Inflammatory response follows the formation of immune complexes between the circulating antibodies and the injected antigen.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in injection site reactions with human vaccines

Cook¹

2009

Human Vaccines

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“…In 1952, Kuhns and Pappenheimer [7] found a significantly higher rate of immediate wheal and flare reactions to D tox oid in allergic compared to nonallergic individuals, while Facktor et al could not confirm these findings for T toxoid [8]. Whether observed adverse reactions to T or D immuni-zations with vaccine combinations with D and T (DT) or D, pertussis (P) and T (DPT) are due to an unspecific irritation by the toxoids itself or by the aluminum component, has been discussed controversially [3,4,9], Elevated serum IgE antibody levels to T are observed af ter booster immunization with aluminum-adsorbed T vac cine [10] and also in relation with DPT vaccine in 1-to 2-year-old children after the first immunization [5]. In crosssectional studies on atopic adults as well as 4 to 17-year-old atopic children T and D IgE antibody levels were found to be higher compared to nonatopic individuals [11,12], Addi tionally, it was found, that older children with markedly ele vated total serum IgE levels synthesized increased anti-D and anti-T IgE antibodies [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific IgE and lgG4 Immune Responses to Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoid in Atopic and Nonatopic Children during the First Two Years of Life

Dannemann

Ree²,

Kulig³

et al. 1996

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: In order to investigate, whether atopic and nonatopic children show differences in their specific IgE and IgG4 immune responses to tetanus (T) and diphtheria (D) antigens, we studied 538 children who had been followed from birth on and from whom records had been kept of all immunizations. Methods: The prevalence of eczema and asthma was registered at regular intervals and the cumulative incidence of symptoms was determined at 24 months of age. Total serum IgE and specific IgE to a panel of nine allergens as well as T-and D-specifíc IgE and IgG4 were determined from the 24-month blood samples. Results: Our results show that both atopic and nonatopic children are capable of mounting high levels of toxoid-specific IgE antibody responses. Children with cord blood IgE > 0.9 kU/l, serum IgE 10–100 kU/l and > 100 kU/l and at least one sensitization to an allergen at 24 months of age have significantly higher IgE responses to T and D (p < 0.001). In contrast, specific IgG4 antibody concentrations to T and D were not significantly different in children with elevated total IgE levels at 24 months. No differences in subgroups of children with or without early symptoms of atopy were observed. Conclusions: Our data indicate that IgE responses to toxoids such as T and D are not limited to infants with clinical manifestations of atopy in the first 2 years of life but are related to immunological parameters of atopy.

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Reactions and Antibody Responses to Reinforcing Doses of Adsorbed and Plain Tetanus Vaccines

Cited by 79 publications

References 6 publications

A comparative clinical study of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine and Adult-type Tetanus–Diphtheria Vaccine

A comparative clinical study of Adsorbed Tetanus Vaccine and Adult-type Tetanus–Diphtheria Vaccine

Sex differences in injection site reactions with human vaccines

Specific IgE and lgG4 Immune Responses to Tetanus and Diphtheria Toxoid in Atopic and Nonatopic Children during the First Two Years of Life

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