Reaction systems for solar hydrogen production via water splitting with particulate semiconductor photocatalysts

Hisatomi, Takashi; Domen, Kazunari

doi:10.1038/s41929-019-0242-6

Cited by 1,130 publications

(668 citation statements)

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“…However, C signal can only be seen for SiO 2 @H + PEI. No significant C signal can be observed for SiO2 . It indicates that the polymer chains have been successfully grafted onto the surface of SiO 2 in SiO 2 @H + PEI catalyst.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…It makes the development of renewable energy source ever more essential than before. [1,2] It is wellknown that hydrogen (H 2 ) is one of the most important alternatives to conventional fossil fuels because of its high energy density and clean emission. [3] In the last years, a vast number of materials in which hydrogen can be stored physically or chemically have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

et al. 2019

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Nonmetal catalysts are attracting a great deal of attention because of their advantages including high activity, low cost, and environmental friendliness. In this work, a nonmetal catalyst for NaBH4 hydrolysis was fabricated through covalent modification of silica nanoparticles with protonated poly(ethylene imine). The successful formation of the catalyst was verified by transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The fabricated catalyst shows excellent activity in catalyzing NaBH4 hydrolysis reactions. The hydrolysis of 15 mg NaBH4 catalyzed by 50 mg catalyst could provide a hydrogen generation rate as high as 117.53 mL min−1 gcat-1 at 20 °C. Although the catalytic activity decreased after use, it could be restored easily by regenerating in acetic acid solution.

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mentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

et al. 2019

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“…Moreover, it is evidenced that an industrial-scale PEC splitting system can be cost-efficient with fossil-based fuels. Besides, to compete commercially, highly effective and robust solar-assisted electrolysis reactors will need to be fabricated very cheaply [5]. Ideal photoelectrodes for PEC systems involve a small band gap to arrest visible-light photons, high conversion efficiency, and a good durability in aqueous environments [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative Catalytic Behavior of SnO2 and NiWO4 over BiVO4 Photoanodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance

et al. 2019

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n-BiVO 4 is a favorable photoelectrode candidate for a photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting reaction owing to its suitable energy level edge locations for an oxygen evolution reaction. On the other hand, the sluggish water oxidation kinetics of BiVO 4 photoanodes when used individually make it necessary to use a hole blocking layer as well as water oxidation catalysts to overcome the high kinetic barrier for the PEC water oxidation reaction. Here, we describe a very simple synthetic strategy to fabricate nanocomposite photoanodes that synergistically address both of these critical limitations. In particular, we examine the effect of a SnO 2 buffer layer over BiVO 4 films and further modify the photoanode surface with a crystalline nickel tungstate (NiWO 4 ) nanoparticle film to boost PEC water oxidation. When NiWO 4 is incorporated over BiVO 4 /SnO 2 films, the PEC performance of the resultant triple-layer NiWO 4 /BiVO 4 /SnO 2 films for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is further improved. The enhanced performance for the PEC OER is credited to the synergetic effect of the individual layers and the introduction of a SnO 2 buffer layer over the BiVO 4 film. The optimized NiWO 4 /BiVO 4 /SnO 2 electrode demonstrated both enriched visible light absorption and achieves charge separation and transfer efficiencies of 23% and 30%, respectively. The photoanodic current density for the OER on optimized NiWO 4 /BiVO 4 /SnO 2 photoanode shows a maximum photocurrent of 0.93 mA/cm 2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE in a phosphate buffer solution (pH~7.5) under an AM1.5G solar simulator, which is an incredible five-fold and two-fold enhancement compared to its parent BiVO 4 photoanode and BiVO 4 /SnO 2 photoanodes, respectively. Further, the incorporation of the NiWO 4 co-catalyst over the BiVO 4 /SnO 2 film increases the interfacial electron transfer rate across the composite/solution interface. , SEM and EDAX analysis of the fabricated electrodes of SnO 2 , BiVO 4 /SnO 2 , NiWO 4 /BiVO 4 /SnO 2 electrodeposited over FTO substrates. Author Contributions: M.N.S. and P.A. performed the experiments and wrote the manuscript. A.M.A.M. provided suggestions and assistance in experimental design. M.H. assisted in experimental work and manuscript editing.

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“…Solar‐driven photocatalytic reduction of water into renewable hydrogen fuel is regarded as a promising strategy to address the future energy crisis . The potential success of this conversion relies largely on the development of semiconductor based photocatalytic materials with high solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion efficiency . Generally, the overall photocatalytic performance is greatly determined by the efficiencies of three sequential steps, including light absorption, charge transfer, and surface reaction .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Plasmonic Metal and Cocatalyst: An Efficient Strategy for Boosting the Visible and Broad‐Spectrum Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution

Cai

Chen

Wang

et al. 2019

Adv Materials Inter

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The combination of plasmonic metal and cocatalyst with semiconductor has been widely used to simultaneously improve the efficiencies of light absorption, charge separation, and surface reaction for high‐performance photocatalysis. Despite the tremendous efforts, the ternary nanostructures suffer from two bottlenecks: 1) long distance between plasmonic metal and cocatalyst increases the chance of hot electron loss; 2) opposite transmission directions between plasmon‐induced hot electrons and semiconductor‐generated free electrons disfavor the practical application of broad‐spectrum photocatalysis. In this paper, a novel photocatalytic nanostructure, in which plasmonic Au and Pd cocatalysts are integrated into Janus heterojunction on the TiO2, is demonstrated. The advantages of the designed photocatalyst include: 1) the shortened distance between Au and Pd as well as the formation of additional channel of Au–Pd interface accelerates the hot electron transfer; 2) the opposite directions of visible‐light‐induced hot electrons and ultraviolet‐light‐excited free electrons are mediated with a unified TiO2 → Au → Pd transmission route during the broad‐spectrum photocatalysis. As a result, 15 mg of the designed photocatalyst achieves average H2 production rates of 0.79 and 7.59 µmol h−1 under visible and broad‐spectrum irradiation, respectively, much higher than those of other binary and ternary architectures consisting of TiO2, Pd, and Au.

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Reaction systems for solar hydrogen production via water splitting with particulate semiconductor photocatalysts

Cited by 1,130 publications

References 106 publications

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

Cooperative Catalytic Behavior of SnO2 and NiWO4 over BiVO4 Photoanodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance

Integration of Plasmonic Metal and Cocatalyst: An Efficient Strategy for Boosting the Visible and Broad‐Spectrum Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution

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Reaction systems for solar hydrogen production via water splitting with particulate semiconductor photocatalysts

Cited by 1,130 publications

References 106 publications

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

Protonated Poly(ethylene imine)‐Coated Silica Nanoparticles for Promoting Hydrogen Generation from the Hydrolysis of Sodium Borohydride

Cooperative Catalytic Behavior of SnO2 and NiWO4 over BiVO4 Photoanodes for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Performance

Integration of Plasmonic Metal and Cocatalyst: An Efficient Strategy for Boosting the Visible and Broad‐Spectrum Photocatalytic H2 Evolution

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Integration of Plasmonic Metal and Cocatalyst: An Efficient Strategy for Boosting the Visible and Broad‐Spectrum Photocatalytic H₂ Evolution