Reaction of ozone with nicotinamide and its derivatives

Mudd, J.B.; Leh, F.; McManus, T.T.

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(74)90322-1

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the quantification of the redox ratio in that study relied on the assumption that mitochondrial pH remains constant before and after ozone exposure, which might not be valid. Ozone has been shown to oxidize NADH directly in vitro [ 58 ] and ROS have been shown to increase the optical redox ratio [ 19 ] or the NAD + /NADH ratio [ 59 ]. While more studies are needed to further confirm the effects of ozone on the cellular NAD(H) redox status, the more oxidized optical redox ratio reported here is consistent with the known effects of the ability of ozone to generate ROS and exhibit oxidation effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and SP-A2 Dependent NAD(H) Redox Alterations in Mouse Alveolar Macrophages in Response to Ozone Exposure: Potential Implications for COVID-19

Lin

Gandhi

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Co-enzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(H)) redox plays a key role in macrophage function. Surfactant protein (SP-) A modulates the functions of alveolar macrophages (AM) and ozone (O3) exposure in the presence or absence of SP-A and reduces mouse survival in a sex-dependent manner. It is unclear whether and how NAD(H) redox status plays a role in the innate immune response in a sex-dependent manner. We investigated the NAD(H) redox status of AM from SP-A2 and SP-A knockout (KO) mice in response to O3 or filtered air (control) exposure using optical redox imaging technique. We found: (i) In SP-A2 mice, the redox alteration of AM in response to O3 showed sex-dependence with AM from males being significantly more oxidized and having a higher level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species than females; (ii) AM from KO mice were more oxidized after O3 exposure and showed no sex differences; (iii) AM from female KO mice were more oxidized than female SP-A2 mice; and (iv) Two distinct subpopulations characterized by size and redox status were observed in a mouse AM sample. In conclusions, the NAD(H) redox balance in AM responds to O3 in a sex-dependent manner and the innate immune molecule, SP-A2, contributes to this observed sex-specific redox response.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex and SP-A2 Dependent NAD(H) Redox Alterations in Mouse Alveolar Macrophages in Response to Ozone Exposure: Potential Implications for COVID-19

Lin

Gandhi

et al. 2020

Antioxidants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Mudd and his co-workers have shown that ozone reacts rapidly with tryptophan (43,44). The absorption spectrum of hen egg-white lysozyme exposed to ozone indicates that tryptophan is converted to NFK (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Denaturation of Protein by Chlorine Dioxide: Oxidative Modification of Tryptophan and Tyrosine Residues

Ogata

2007

Biochemistry

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxychlorine compounds, such as hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and chlorine dioxide (ClO2), have potent antimicrobial activity. Although the biochemical mechanism of the antimicrobial activity of HOCl has been extensively investigated, little is known about that of ClO2. Using bovine serum albumin and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model proteins, here I demonstrate that the antimicrobial activity of ClO2 is attributable primarily to its protein-denaturing activity. By solubility analysis, circular dichroism spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and measurement of enzymatic activity, I demonstrate that protein is rapidly denatured by ClO2 with a concomitant decrease in the concentration of ClO2 in the reaction mixture. Circular dichroism spectra of the ClO2-treated proteins show a change in ellipticity at 220 nm, indicating a decrease in alpha-helical content. Differential scanning calorimetry shows that transition temperature and endothermic transition enthalpy of heat-induced unfolding decrease in the ClO2-treated protein. The enzymatic activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase decreases to 10% within 15 s of treatment with 10 microM ClO2. Elemental analyses show that oxygen, but not chlorine, atoms are incorporated in the ClO2-treated protein, providing direct evidence that protein is oxidized by ClO2. Furthermore, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy show that tryptophan residues become N-formylkynurenine and tyrosine residues become 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) or 2,4,5-trihydroxyphenylalanine (TOPA) in the ClO2-treated proteins. Taking these results together, I conclude that microbes are inactivated by ClO2 owing to denaturation of constituent proteins critical to their integrity and/or function, and that this denaturation is caused primarily by covalent oxidative modification of their tryptophan and tyrosine residues.

show abstract

The Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Effects of Ozone

Goldstein

2008

Novartis Foundation Symposia

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reaction of ozone with nicotinamide and its derivatives

Cited by 16 publications

References 21 publications

Sex and SP-A2 Dependent NAD(H) Redox Alterations in Mouse Alveolar Macrophages in Response to Ozone Exposure: Potential Implications for COVID-19

Sex and SP-A2 Dependent NAD(H) Redox Alterations in Mouse Alveolar Macrophages in Response to Ozone Exposure: Potential Implications for COVID-19

Denaturation of Protein by Chlorine Dioxide: Oxidative Modification of Tryptophan and Tyrosine Residues

The Pulmonary and Extrapulmonary Effects of Ozone

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About