Reaction of hydrogen with alloys of magnesium and nickel and the formation of Mg2NiH4

Reilly, J.J.; Wiswall, R.H.

doi:10.1021/ic50069a016

Cited by 1,043 publications

(483 citation statements)

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“…Although the destabilization concept dates to the 1960s, 36 37,99,122,123 and examined by experiment. 35,38,40 Another potential avenue for altering thermodynamics is via extreme reduction in particle size.…”

Section: Altering Thermodynamics: Destabilization and Nanosizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High capacity hydrogenstorage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery

et al. 2010

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Widespread adoption of hydrogen as a vehicular fuel depends critically upon the ability to store hydrogen on-board at high volumetric and gravimetric densities, as well as on the ability to extract/insert it at sufficiently rapid rates. As current storage methods based on physical means-high-pressure gas or (cryogenic) liquefaction-are unlikely to satisfy targets for performance and cost, a global research effort focusing on the development of chemical means for storing hydrogen in condensed phases has recently emerged. At present, no known material exhibits a combination of properties that would enable high-volume automotive applications. Thus new materials with improved performance, or new approaches to the synthesis and/or processing of existing materials, are highly desirable. In this critical review we provide a practical introduction to the field of hydrogen storage materials research, with an emphasis on (i) the properties necessary for a viable storage material, (ii) the computational and experimental techniques commonly employed in determining these attributes, and (iii) the classes of materials being pursued as candidate storage compounds. Starting from the general requirements of a fuel cell vehicle, we summarize how these requirements translate into desired characteristics for the hydrogen storage material. Key amongst these are: (a) high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen density, (b) thermodynamics that allow for reversible hydrogen uptake/release under near-ambient conditions, and (c) fast reaction kinetics. To further illustrate these attributes, the four major classes of candidate storage materials-conventional metal hydrides, chemical hydrides, complex hydrides, and sorbent systems-are introduced and their respective performance and prospects for improvement in each of these areas is discussed. Finally, we review the most valuable experimental and computational techniques for determining these attributes, highlighting how an approach that couples computational modeling with experiments can significantly accelerate the discovery of novel storage materials (155 references).

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Section: Altering Thermodynamics: Destabilization and Nanosizingmentioning

confidence: 99%

High capacity hydrogenstorage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery

et al. 2010

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“…One of the first examples using this approach for tuning the thermodynamic properties of light weight metal hydrides was the discovery of the Mg-Ni -system as potential hydrogen storage system by Reilly and Wiswall (Reilly & Wiswall, 1968 (Klassen et al, 1998 (Orimo et al, 1998). Lowering even more the content of Mg Terashita et al (Terashita et al, 2001) found (Mg 1-x Ca x )Ni 2 based alloys desorbing hydrogen at room temperature.…”

Section: Mg-based Hydridesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of Metal Hydrides: Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies of Hydrogen Storage Materials

Dornheim¹

2011

Thermodynamics - Interaction Studies - Solids, Liquids and Gases

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“…They show at least 10 different geometries that are represented in 'and coordination compounds such as metal carbonyls and cyanides, and are consistent with conventional electron counts, that is, they are octahedral (usually 18 electrons and d 6 ), such as Mo(CO) 6 ; square planar (usually 16 electrons, d 8 Table 20), because of structural disorder. A five-coordinate trigonal bipyramidal hydrogen configuration similar to the ligand geometry in Fe(CO) 5 has not yet been reported. The presumably square antiprismatic configuration in Cs 3 OsH 9 (XLIV) has not yet been ascertained.…”

Section: Hydride Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compositions and ligand geometries of most mononuclear T-metal hydride complexes can be rationalized in terms of conventional electron counts based on full charge transfer from the surrounding cation matrix M, and s-pd hybridization schemes that involve two-center-two-electron (2c -2e) bonds, such as (d 0 )d 5 130 Many hydrides are diamagnetic, as expected for closedelectron shells associated with low-spin d 6 54 indicate T-H stretching and bending modes in the expected ranges of 1600 -2000 cm −1 and 800 -1000 cm −1 , respectively. These modes correlate with bonding properties, such as the T-H stretching frequencies in the K 2 PtCl 6 type series (II) that increase in the sequence T = Fe, Ru, Os, and decrease as the M-H bond lengths increase.…”

Section: Bondingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of them, however, Mg 2 NiH 4 , was nonmetallic and had a fixed hydrogen content. Originally reported in 1968 by Reilly and Wiswall, 5 it was classified as a hydride containing a T-metal hydrido complex only 18 years later, after its structure was fully characterized by Zolliker et al 6 and found to contain tetrahedral [NiH 4 ] 4− units called 'complexes'. In the meantime, other homoleptic hydrido complexes were discovered, such as square-pyramidal [CoH 5 ] 4− , square-planar [PtH 4 ] 2− , and linear [PdH 2 ] 2− , and also hydrides that contained both complex bonded hydrogen and ionic hydrogen not bonded to the transition metal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hydrides: Solid State Transition Metal Complexes

Yvon

Renaudin

2005

Encyclopedia of Inorganic Chemistry

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At present, some 50 different homoleptic transition (T) metal hydride complexes are known to occur in over 127 compounds that cover 47 structure types. The complexes form with T elements from group seven (Mn) to closed d‐shell elements of group twelve (Zn). While the great majority are centred by one T‐metal atom and display up to nine terminal hydrogen ligands, some are centred by two (Ru, Pt), four (Rh, Ni), or more (Ru, Rh) and display both terminal and bridging hydrogen ligands, and/or TT metal bonds. The structural and electronic configurations are consistent with those usually found in coordination compounds. The complexes are stabilized by charge transfer from the surrounding cation matrix, are often 18‐electron, and less often 16‐ or 14‐electron. Some hydride structures show evidence for metal–metal interactions as in typically interstitial metal hydrides while others contain additional hydride anions (H − ) bonded to electropositive metals only, such as in saline hydrides. No HH bond formation is observed. Most hydrides are nonmetallic and many are colored. Some, however, show hydrogenation induced complex formation and metal‐to‐insulator transitions. The systems generally display very high volume efficiencies for hydrogen storage but are thermally too stable and/or too expensive for practical applications. Thermodynamic data suggest that their enthalpy of formation scales with the thermal stability of the binary hydrides of the electropositive metal constituents.

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Reaction of hydrogen with alloys of magnesium and nickel and the formation of Mg2NiH4

Cited by 1,043 publications

References 0 publications

High capacity hydrogenstorage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery

High capacity hydrogenstorage materials: attributes for automotive applications and techniques for materials discovery

Thermodynamics of Metal Hydrides: Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies of Hydrogen Storage Materials

Hydrides: Solid State Transition Metal Complexes

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