Reaction of Amaranthus hybridus L. (Green) to Telfairia Mosaic Virus (TeMV) Infection

Abstract

The reaction of Amaranthus hybridus to Telfairia mosaic virus (TeMV) infection was investigated. Infected and healthy (control) leaf samples were obtained, pulverized and analyzed to determine the nutritional quality of the vegetable due to TeMV infection. Results obtained revealed that the virus caused significant (p<0.05) reductions in fibre (50.9%), fat (49.7%) and protein (32.5%) in infected samples compared to healthy ones. The virus also engendered significant reductions in the contents of Na, P, Fe, Mg, Cu and Ca with marginal reduction for K in infected samples when compared to the healthy. The TeMV caused significant reduction in phytic acid while infection led to increases in total oxalate, soluble oxalate and hydrocyanide acid. The virus caused significant reductions (p<0.05) in vitamin A (55.43%), C (43.1%), B 1 (34.6%), B 2 (26.6%), B 6 (17.8%) and B 3 (13.1%), respectively while, reduction in vitamin E was insignificant. The reaction of amino acids profile of Amaranthus hybridus to TeMV infection revealed significance decrease in methionine (35.3%), valine (34.1%), cysteine (31.9%), arginine (26.1%), isoleucine (25.9%), glycine (22.8%), lysine (17.3%), threonine (15.0%), phenylalanine (12.1%) and leucine (11.8%). Increases in infected samples were obtained for glutamic acid (19.8%), aspartic acid (9.5%) and proline (8.9%). Amaranthus hybridus reaction to TeMV infection revealed marked reductions in the nutritional quality of the vegetable that is a major source of nutrient for both rural and urban dwellers.

Effect of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) Infection of some Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) Genotypes on Fruits Content of Lycopene and some Vitamins

“…The results also showed that the highest level of vitamin concentration was at genotype 123, which recorded (0.521 mg/100 [18], it was found that the concentration of ascorbic acid was significantly reduced in tomato fruits infected with (TYLCV). On the other hand, [9] indicated that a clear decrease was identified in Telfairia occidentalis fruit content of all vitamins in plants inoculated with Telfairia mosaic virus (TeMV) compared to uninfected plants.…”

“…This virus is one of the most widespread viruses in the countries of the world, including Iraq, causing economic losses that may reach 100% in many economic crops, including the tomato crop, which is the main host of the virus [7,8]. [9], showed a significant decrease in all vitamins content of Telfairia plants in TeMVinoculated plants compared to uninoculated plants. This study aimed to know the response of some genotypes of tomato plant against the effect of the tomato leaf curl virus (TYLCV), as well as its effect on the content of vitamins C and E, lycopene, dry weight and yield per plant of some tested genotypes.…”

Effect of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) on the Content of some Mineral Elements in the Fruits of some Tomato (Solanum lycopersicom L.) Genotypes

“…[24] showed that the content of tomato plants of the mineral elements calcium and magnesium decreased when the plants were infected with the Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) with a significant difference from the content of non-infected plants. [25] proved that there was a high decrease in Telfairia contents of zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in the plants infected with Telfairia mosaic virus (TeMV) in comparison with non-infected plants. It also found that infection with TYLCV led to a significant decrease in the levels of calcium and magnesium in the leaves of tomato plants [8,21,23].…”