Reaction mechanisms of aromatic compounds as an overcharge protection agent for 4V class lithium-ion cells

Shima, Kunihisa; Shizuka, Kenji; Ue, Makoto; Ota, Hitoshi; Hatozaki, Takuya; Yamaki, Jun‐ichi

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.05.029

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These additives polymerize at ac haracteristic potential to form an insulating polymeric film on the cathode active material; thus preventing any furtherc hargeo ft he cell. Frequently employeda dditives are aromatic compounds, such as xylene, [159] biphenyl, [160,161] or cyclohexylbenzene. [161,162] The characteristic that polymerization occurs at as pecific potential results in the requirement of different additives for different cathode active materials (operating at varying potentials).…”

Section: Overcharge Protection Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frequently employeda dditives are aromatic compounds, such as xylene, [159] biphenyl, [160,161] or cyclohexylbenzene. [161,162] The characteristic that polymerization occurs at as pecific potential results in the requirement of different additives for different cathode active materials (operating at varying potentials). Additionally,t he major drawbacks of these shutdown-typea dditivesa re the general irreversibility of the shutdown process andt he potential increase of the internal pressure in the cell related to the formation of the polymeric layer.…”

Section: Overcharge Protection Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly important for electrifying the modern transportation system and, thus, hold the promise to enable sustainable mobility in the future. However, their large-scale application is hindered by severe safety concerns when the cells are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. These safety issues are intrinsically related to their superior energy density, combined with the (present) utilization of highly volatile and flammable organic-solvent-based electrolytes. Herein, state-of-the-art electrolyte systems and potential alternatives are briefly surveyed, with a particular focus on their (inherent) safety characteristics. The challenges, which so far prevent the widespread replacement of organic carbonate-based electrolytes with LiPF6 as the conducting salt, are also reviewed herein. Starting from rather "facile" electrolyte modifications by (partially) replacing the organic solvent or lithium salt and/or the addition of functional electrolyte additives, conceptually new electrolyte systems, including ionic liquids, solvent-free, and/or gelled polymer-based electrolytes, as well as solid-state electrolytes, are also considered. Indeed, the opportunities for designing new electrolytes appear to be almost infinite, which certainly complicates strict classification of such systems and a fundamental understanding of their properties. Nevertheless, these innumerable opportunities also provide a great chance of developing highly functionalized, new electrolyte systems, which may overcome the afore-mentioned safety concerns, while also offering enhanced mechanical, thermal, physicochemical, and electrochemical performance.

show abstract

Section: Overcharge Protection Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overcharge Protection Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To avoid the decomposition of electrolyte, the polymerization reaction should take place in the region of 4.2 V -5.0 V. Biphenyl, cyclohexyl benzene, and other substituted aromatic compounds constitute the polymerizable class of shutdown additives. 153,154 Although these compounds may be useful in consumer-level batteries with few cells, they may not provide protection in vehicle-level batteries, which can have more than a hundred cells in series. Because a single high-impedance cell would see a significant overpotential from the other cells or the charging system, breakdown of the polymerized film could readily occur.…”

Section: Overcharge Protection Additivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicle Battery Safety Roadmap Guidance

Doughty¹

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Printed on paper containing at least 50% wastepaper, including 10% post consumer waste. ForewordIn 2010, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) entered into a subcontract agreement with Dr. Daniel Doughty, the principal of Battery Safety Consulting Inc. At NREL, we perform battery research and development (R&D) in areas of materials, modeling, testing, and system analysis, particularly as they relate to the lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery safety modeling and testing for electrified vehicles. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Energy Storage R&D Vehicle Technologies Program in the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy under DOE/VTP Agreement 16378 of the 1102000 B&R, NREL Task Number FC086200.The purpose of the subcontract was to investigate the research, development, and other activities related to the safety of Li-ion batteries for electric drive vehicles and to provide recommendations for developing a DOE roadmap for the safety of Li-ion batteries for electric drive vehicles. Dr. Doughty has a long, distinguished career in battery R&D, particularly at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), where he was responsible for the safety and abuse tolerance testing of batteries for more than 15 years. Dr. Doughty has chaired the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) committee that revised and updated SAE Recommended Test Procedure J2464, "Electric and Hybrid Electric Vehicle Rechargeable Energy Storage System (RESS) Safety and Abuse Testing," published November 2009. With his strong experience in battery safety and involvement with safety committees, Dr. Doughty was in a unique position to perform this work by collecting the necessary information, interacting with key players in the community, and providing recommendations.This document is divided into two sections: (1) the synopsis, which discusses high-level findings of the work, and (2) the full report, which provides a comprehensive, in-depth review of the state of the art and also discusses interactions with experts, users, researchers, and developers from different organizations interested in the safety of vehicle batteries.The findings and recommendations in this document will be taken into consideration by the Energy Storage R&D Program at the DOE Vehicle Technologies Program for further defining the R&D roadmap for developing safer batteries for electric drive vehicles. SynopsisThe safety of electrified vehicles with high-capacity energy storage devices creates challenges that must be met to ensure commercial acceptance of electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs). One of the most important objectives of DOE's Office of Vehicle Technologies is to support the development of Li-ion batteries that are safe and abuse tolerant in electric drive vehicles.Batteries for EVs and HEVs, which in this document includes plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), are different from batteries developed for other applications. The environment that vehicle traction batteries experience during their life is more diff...

show abstract

“…The CDP-containing electrode was completely covered with a thick layer of SEI film. The thick film was assumed to be a polymeric film [24,25] that had excellent conductivity that was derived from the diphenyl of the CDP used in this study. Figure 10 presents SEM micrographs of the LiCoO 2 electrode before and after 50 cycles.…”

Section: Effects Of Trioctyl Phosphate and Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Trioctyl Phosphate and Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate as flame-retarding additives for Li-Ion battery electrolytes

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Safety concerns related to lithium-ion batteries have been the key obstacle to their application in hybrid electric vehicles. Trioctyl Phosphate (TOP) and Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate (CDP) were studied as potential flame-retarding additives for lithium-ion batteries. The electrochemical performance and thermal stability of the additive-containing electrolytes, in combination with a cell comprising a LiCoO2 cathode and Mesocarbon Microbeads (MCMB) anode, were tested in coin cells. Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used for the experimental analysis. The study results revealed that CDP addition at 5 wt.% improved the cell stability due to the lower rate of the charge-transfer resistance increase over 30-50 cycles. CDP was demonstrated to be a better flameretarding additive than TOP.

show abstract

Reaction mechanisms of aromatic compounds as an overcharge protection agent for 4V class lithium-ion cells

Cited by 46 publications

References 11 publications

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

Vehicle Battery Safety Roadmap Guidance

Effects of Trioctyl Phosphate and Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate as flame-retarding additives for Li-Ion battery electrolytes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About