Reacted copper(II) concentrations in amine amended micronized copper treated red pine and lodgepole pine

Revealing the structural and chemical properties of copper-based nanoparticles released from copper treated wood

“…11 Studies of the chemical transformation of copper-based nanomaterials have indicated that complex chemical reactions of copper species can occur in many biological systems and natural environments. [10][11][12][13] During the treatment with micronized copper preservatives, most insoluble copper particles (as a form of BCC) are immobilized in the polymeric matrices of wood structures. In contrast, the soluble copper species (i.e., mobile Cu(II) ions) actively react with wood cell acidic sites.…”

“…These rapid reactions happen in many wood cellular components consisting of carboxylic acid, aromatic esters, and phenolic hydroxyl groups, forming stable copperwood complexes bound to the wood matrices. 10,12,13 Therefore, the dust collected from sawing or abrasion of the treated wood may contain different levels of reacted Cu(II) complex and/or unreacted BCC particles with distinctive physicochemical properties. Identifying and characterizing these copper species based on their morphologies, sizes, and chemical states would be vital before evaluating their potential hazards aer being released into the environment.…”

“…Unlike insoluble copper precipitates, mobile ionic copper can inltrate wood cell walls and chemically bind to specic cellular components by xation reactions. Additionally, researchers have employed multiple spectroscopic techniques such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy 10,12,13 and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) 14,16 to quantify the reacted copper species and identify their oxidation states in treated wood. Although copper species can be characterized using EPR and XANES for bulk materials, the localization of copper in specic wood structures and their corresponding chemical states remain unclear.…”