Reactance theory and patient noncompliance

Fogarty, Jeanne S.

doi:10.1016/s0277-9536(97)00055-5

Cited by 125 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Adherence strongly correlates with trust; adherence rates may be 3 times higher where there are very high levels of trust [9,24]. Service users were more likely to adhere, when complete information is supplied [25], and to regimens that have been negotiated and reactance theory suggests that using a threat is likely to have a contrary effect and increase non-adherence [26,27]. Therefore, ultimately coercion may worsen adherence by inhibiting a trusting relationship from developing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory study of the role of trust in medication management within mental health services

2011

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory study of the role of trust in medication management within mental health services

2011

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“…According to reactance theory, people desire freedom of choice and if perceived freedom is removed by external constraints then people will act to recapture a sense of freedom (Fogarty, 1997). Specifically, the target can reestablish freedom by behaving either contrary or opposite to what is desired by the source of influence (Kirchler 1999).…”

Section: Conformity Pressure and Creativitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Follow the crowd in a new direction: When conformity pressure facilitates group creativity (and when it does not)

Goncalo

Duguid

2012

Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes

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Adopting a person by situation interaction approach, we identified conditions under which conformity pressure can either stifle or boost group creativity depending on the joint effects of norm content and group personality composition. Using a 2 x 2 x 2 experimental design, we hypothesized and found that pressure to adhere to an individualistic norm boosted creativity in groups whose members scored low on the Creative Personality Scale (Gough, 1979), but stifled creativity in groups whose members scored high on that measure. Our findings suggest that conformity pressure may be a viable mechanism for boosting group creativity, but only among those who lack creative talent. AbstractAdopting a person by situation interaction approach, we identified conditions under which conformity pressure can either stifle or boost group creativity depending on the joint effects of norm content and group personality composition. Using a 2 x 2 x 2 experimental design, we hypothesized and found that pressure to adhere to an individualistic norm boosted creativity in groups whose members scored low on the Creative Personality Scale (Gough, 1979), but stifled creativity in groups whose members scored high on that measure. Our findings suggest that conformity pressure may be a viable mechanism for boosting group creativity, but only among those who lack creative talent.Keywords: Group creativity, conformity pressure, individualism-collectivism; group personality composition CONFORMITY PRESSURE AND CREATIVITY 3Follow the Crowd in a New Direction: When Conformity Pressure Facilitates Group Creativity (And When it Does Not)To remain competitive, many organizations actively seek out creative ideas that may lead in profitable new directions (Amabile, 1996). A creative idea is defined as one that is both novel and useful (Amabile, 1983). The classical research on group creativity has assumed that because creative ideas are initially out of the ordinary, even deviant, (Moscovici, 1976), pressure to conform to a group majority stifles creative expression (Crutchfield, 1962;Nemeth & Staw, 1989;Woodman, Sawyer & Griffin, 1993). This argument reached its clearest and most extreme form in Nemeth & Staw (1989) who claimed that creativity and conformity are a direct one-toone tradeoff; the freer people are to deviate from shared expectations, the more likely they are to suggest creative solutions.A decade ago, Flynn and Chatman (2001) tried to turn the tables on this perspective by proposing that conformity pressure can reinforce creativity relevant norms and thereby increase rather than stifle creative performance. This alternative point of view on group creativity suggests a number of exciting possibilities. Yet ten years later, the empirical evidence that would either definitively support or refute this prediction has not materialized.Indeed, the classical assumption that conformity necessarily stifles creative expression is a logic that many researchers of creativity still find appealing. For example, Sutton (2002) suggested that to pr...

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“…17 Objects or behaviours perceived to be off limits for certain audiences are more attractive to audience members to whom the restriction applies. For example, warning labels have been shown to make violent movies and television more appealing to youth.…”

Section: Psychological Reactancementioning

confidence: 99%

Industry sponsored anti-smoking ads and adolescent reactance: test of a boomerang effect

Henriksen

Dauphinee²,

Wang³

et al. 2006

Tob Control

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Objective: To examine whether adolescents' exposure to youth smoking prevention ads sponsored by tobacco companies promotes intentions to smoke, curiosity about smoking, and positive attitudes toward the tobacco industry. Design: A randomised controlled experiment compared adolescents' responses to five smoking prevention ads sponsored by a tobacco company (Philip Morris or Lorillard), or to five smoking prevention ads sponsored by a non-profit organisation (the American Legacy Foundation), or to five ads about preventing drunk driving. Setting: A large public high school in California's central valley. Subjects: A convenience sample of 9th and 10th graders (n = 832) ages 14-17 years. Main outcome measures: Perceptions of ad effectiveness, intention to smoke, and attitudes toward tobacco companies measured immediately after exposure. Results: As predicted, adolescents rated Philip Morris and Lorillard ads less favourably than the other youth smoking prevention ads. Adolescents' intention to smoke did not differ as a function of ad exposure. However, exposure to Philip Morris and Lorillard ads engendered more favourable attitudes toward tobacco companies. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that industry sponsored anti-smoking ads do more to promote corporate image than to prevent youth smoking. By cultivating public opinion that is more sympathetic toward tobacco companies, the effect of such advertising is likely to be more harmful than helpful to youth.

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Reactance theory and patient noncompliance

Cited by 125 publications

References 50 publications

An exploratory study of the role of trust in medication management within mental health services

An exploratory study of the role of trust in medication management within mental health services

Follow the crowd in a new direction: When conformity pressure facilitates group creativity (and when it does not)

Industry sponsored anti-smoking ads and adolescent reactance: test of a boomerang effect

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