Reabsorption kinetics of albumin from pleural space of dogs

Miniati, Massimo; Jc, Parker; Cartledge, J. T.; Martin, Donald E.; Giuntini, C.; Taylor, A. E.

doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1988.255.2.h375

Cited by 20 publications

(27 citation statements)

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“…2) It was concluded that liquid is preferentially absorbed from areas where stomas are denser, because intrapleurally injected labelled albumin appeared (by gamma camera scannings) to mostly decay from mediastinal, diaphragmatic, and apical regions of dog pleural space [67], but apical regions do not contain stomas [18,19], and part of the measured activity could be due to albumin transferred across the visceral pleura, and eventually removed by lung lymphatics [4,6], not by parietal stomas. Similar considerations, as already observed, apply to the conclusions drawn by MINIATI et al [87].…”

Section: Liquid Exchangessupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The computed value of Jf may vary by orders of magnitude depending on the parameters used. Because at equilibrium liquid inflow and outflow must be equal, conclusions on the relative contributions of the different mechanisms to liquid removal are sometimes drawn, based on the estimated Jf, and vice versa [17,67,87]. These conclusions are obviously affected by large potential errors, and should be taken with caution.…”

Section: Liquid Exchangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As noted above (see Permeability characteristics), direct and indirect evidence supports the notion that the pleural mesothelium is not as leaky as it was previously thought: its permeability to water and solutes is comparable to that of capillary endothelium, it entertains a protein concentration gradient, and it appears to actively transport solutes and liquid [8,15,19,25,[28][29][30]. Net absorptive pressure gradients are computed across the visceral pleura [1,2,4,6,55,56], and, the Jf and Jvisc values computable from these gradients and the permeability parameters (see Liquid exchanges) are greater (up to one order of magnitude) than available estimates of pleural lymphatic flow under physiological conditions [67,87]. It was maintained that the absorption of nearly protein-free liquid through the lung surface should lead to a progressive increase in Cliq [17], but a protein balance analysis of the pleural space [4] (also taking into account protein fluxes by solvent drag) showed that, on the contrary, Cliq may remain constant and low even if Jl,s is less than nonlymphatic liquid absorption.…”

Section: Liquid Exchangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Zocchi¹

2002

Eur Respir J

174

102

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Tight control of the volume and composition of the pleural liquid is necessary to ensure an efficient mechanical coupling between lung and chest wall. Liquid enters the pleural space through the parietal pleura down a net filtering pressure gradient. Liquid removal is provided by an absorptive pressure gradient through the visceral pleura, by lymphatic drainage through the stomas of the parietal pleura, and by cellular mechanisms. Indeed, contrary to what was believed in the past, pleural mesothelial cells are metabolically active, and possess the cellular features for active transport of solutes, including vesicular transport of protein. Furthermore, the mesothelium was shown, on the basis of recent experimental evidence, both in vivo and in vitro, to be a less permeable barrier than previously believed, being provided with permeability characteristics similar to those of the microvascular endothelium. Direct assessment of the relative contribution of the different mechanisms of pleural fluid removal is difficult, due to the difficulty in measuring the relevant parameters in the appropriate areas, and to the fragility of the mesothelium. The role of the visceral pleura in pleural fluid removal under physiological conditions is supported by a number of findings and considerations.Further evidence indicates that direct lymphatic drainage through the stomas of the parietal pleura is crucial in removing particles and cells, and important in removing protein from the pleural space, but should not be the main effector of fluid removal. Its importance, however, increases markedly in the presence of increased intrapleural liquid loads. Removal of protein and liquid by transcytosis, although likely on the basis of morphological findings and suggested by recent indirect experimental evidence, still needs to be directly proven to occur in the pleura. When pleural liquid volume increases, an imbalance occurs in the forces involved in turnover, which favours fluid removal. In case of a primary abnormality of one ore more of the mechanisms of pleural liquid turnover, a pleural effusion ensues. The factors responsible for pleural effusion may be subdivided into three main categories: those changing transpleural pressure balance, those impairing lymphatic drainage, and those producing increases in mesothelial and capillary endothelial permeability. Except in the first case, pleural fluid protein concentration increases above normal: this feature underlies the classification of pleural effusions into transudative and exudative. Eur Respir J 2002; 20: 1545-1558. The thin layer of liquid present between the pleural surfaces has the important function of providing the mechanical coupling between the chest wall and lung, which ensures instantaneous transmission of perpendicular forces between the two structures, and allows their sliding in response to shearing forces [1,2]. It also provides lubrication of the reciprocal motions of the two structures during breathing. Two views, in part compatible, exist on the nature of t...

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Section: Liquid Exchangessupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Liquid Exchangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Liquid Exchangesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Zocchi¹

2002

Eur Respir J

174

102

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“…According to the above findings, the solute-coupled liquid absorption should be due to Na+-K+-ATPase on the interstitial side plus a Na+-H+ and Cl--HCO3-double exchange on the luminal side of the mesothelial cells. Under physiological conditions the solute-coupled liquid absorption (-0-07 ml kg-1 h-'; Agostoni & Zocchi, 1993) seems greater than the lymphatic drainage through the stomata of the parietal pleura (0.02 ml kg-1 h-1; Miserocchi & Negrini, 1986;Miniati, Parker, Pistolesi, Cartledge, Martin, Giuntini & Taylor, 1988), and could be important to keep pleural liquid to a minimum volume. Indeed, on the parietal side it would oppose liquid filtration into the pleural space due to Starling forces, while on the visceral side it would facilitate liquid absorption due to Starling forces (Agostoni & Zocchi, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effect on phloridzin on net rate of liquid absorption from the pleural space of rabbits

Zocchi¹,

Agostoni²,

Raffaini³

1996

Experimental Physiology

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SUMMARYPrevious indirect findings have suggested the occurrence of solute-coupled liquid absorption from the pleural space, consistent with Na+-Kt-ATPase on the interstitial side plus a Nat-Ht and Cl--HCO3-double exchange on the luminal side of the pleural mesothelium. To assess whether Nat-glucose cotransport also operates on the luminal side, the relationship between net rate of liquid absorption from the right pleural space (Vnet) and volume of liquid injected into this space (0.5, 1 or 2 ml) was determined in anaesthetized rabbits during hydrothoraces with phloridzin (10-3 M) or with phloridzin plus 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulphonic acid (SITS; 1.5 x 10-4 M). The relationship obtained during hydrothoraces with phloridzin was displaced downwards by 0.09 ml h-' relative to that in control hydrothoraces (P < 0.01). The decrease in Jnet was similar in hydrothoraces of various sizes. The relationship obtained in hydrothoraces with phloridzin plus SITS was displaced downwards by 0. 16 ml h-' relative to that in control hydrothoraces (P < 0.01), i.e. the decrease in Jnet was similar to the sum (0.17 ml h-') of the decreases in Jnet produced individually by phloridzin and by SITS (0.08 ml h-'). The decrease in Jnet was similar in hydrothoraces of differing size. The above findings are consistent with the occurrence of Nat-glucose cotransport on the luminal side of the pleural mesothelium, operating simultaneously with the double exchange also under physiological conditions.

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“…Η λεμφαγγειακή ροή από την υπεζωκοτική κοιλότητα σε φυσιολογικές συνθήκες είναι 0.02 mL/Kg/ώρα, όπως υπολογίστηκε σε σκύλους μετά από έγχυση ραδιοσεσημασμένης αλβουμίνης 0.5 mL στην κοιλότητα, ενώ σε κουνέλια είναι μεγαλύτερη 0.07 mL/Kg/ώρα [37,38]. Αυτή αντιπροσωπεύει τη συνολική λεμφαγγειακή ροή από την υπεζωκοτική κοιλότητα που συμπεριλαμβάνει τη ροή μέσω των λεμφαγγείων του διάμεσου ιστού, τα στόματα των λεμφαγγείων του τοιχωματικού υπεζωκότα, καθώς επίσης και την διάχυση και ενδοκυττάρωση [4].…”

Section: ο ρόλος των λεμφαγγείων στην απομάκρυνση του υπεζωκοτικού υγρούunclassified

Η Επίδραση Αντιοξειδωτικών Παραγόντων Στη Διαπερατότητα Του Υπεζωκότα Προβάτου

Gogou¹,

Γώγου²

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Reabsorption kinetics of albumin from pleural space of dogs

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Physiology and pathophysiology of pleural fluid turnover

Effect on phloridzin on net rate of liquid absorption from the pleural space of rabbits

Η Επίδραση Αντιοξειδωτικών Παραγόντων Στη Διαπερατότητα Του Υπεζωκότα Προβάτου

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