Re‐thinking Indigenous over‐representation in prison

Weatherburn, Don; Holmes, Jessie

doi:10.1002/j.1839-4655.2010.tb00198.x

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Drug use, violence, crime and incarceration have all been identified to have a negative impact on individuals and communities as a whole 10 . In this analysis, we were unable to determine if incarceration was related to offence seriousness, but our results may reflect that Indigenous people are more likely than non‐Indigenous people to be denied bail if charged with an offence, and more likely to be incarcerated if convicted of an offence 19 . In analyses of the criminal charges faced by this cohort, we found that there were no major qualitative differences in the nature of charges laid against Indigenous offenders (although there were slightly lower proportions ever charged with an illicit drug offence compared to non‐Indigenous offenders, and slightly higher proportions of Indigenous offenders charged with violent offences).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Imprisonment of opioid‐dependent people in New South Wales, Australia, 2000–2012: a retrospective linkage study

Degenhardt

Larney

Gisev

et al. 2014

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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Objective: There are few data about the incarceration of opioid-dependent people involving large representative cohorts. We aimed to determine the prevalence and duration of incarceration in a large cohort of opioid-dependent people in Australia using data linkage methods, and estimate the costs associated with their incarceration. Method:Retrospective linkage study of all entrants to opioid substitution therapy (OST) for the treatment of opioid dependence in NSW, 1985NSW, -2010, with data on incarceration, 2000-2012. The number and duration of incarcerations were calculated. The average daily cost of incarceration was applied to days of incarceration in the cohort.Results: Among 47,196 opioid-dependent people, 37% (43% of men and 24% of women) had at least one episode of incarceration lasting one or more days. Men had a median of three (ranging between 1-47) incarcerations, and women, two (1-35). Indigenous men spent 23% of follow-up time incarcerated, compared with 8% for non-Indigenous men; similarly, Indigenous women spent a substantially greater proportion of time incarcerated than non-Indigenous women (8% vs. 2%). Costs of incarceration of this cohort between 2000 and 2012 totalled nearly AUD$3 billion.Conclusions: This is the first study to examine incarceration of opioid-dependent people across an entire population of such users. Our findings suggest that a substantial minority of opioid-dependent people experience incarceration, usually on multiple occasions and at significant cost. Treatment for opioid dependence, inside and outside prisons, may help reduce incarceration of this cohort.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Imprisonment of opioid‐dependent people in New South Wales, Australia, 2000–2012: a retrospective linkage study

Degenhardt

Larney

Gisev

et al. 2014

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

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“…Different involvement in crime Weatherburn and Holmes (2010) sum up what has been uncovered by research since RCIADIC. Based on analyses of the Australian Bureau of Statistics data, they demonstrate that causes of Indigenous over-representation are (1) a higher rate of arrest for serious offences amongst Indigenous people; (2) a higher likelihood of bail refusal amongst those arrested; and (3) a higher likelihood of imprisonment amongst those convicted.…”

Section: Indigenous Over-representation In Australiamentioning

confidence: 90%

The Revival of Comparative Criminology in a Globalised World: Local Variances and Indigenous Over‐representation

Tubex

2013

Int J for Crime, Justice & Social Democracy

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In this article, I first examine the viability of comparative criminological research in a globalised world. Further, I test the validity of some global explanatory models against the local situation in countries that appear to resist the dominant trend, such as the Netherlands and Canada. I then zoom in even further to the intra-national differences in some federal nations, such as Canada and Australia, where this situation is often linked to the overrepresentation of Indigenous people and the consequences of colonialism. Finally, I discuss the future of comparative criminological research.

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“…On this issue, Thompson and colleagues (2009) found that young people often identify drug use as a positive aspect of their (daily) life-and as a method of coping with potentially negative experiences-especially when they are facing other adverse outcomes associated with their involvement with crime and association with delinquent peers (see also Baron, 1999). Similarly, research in Australia has shown that Indigenous Australians are not only significantly overrepresented in the criminal justice system (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2011;Cunneen, 2006;Payne, 2006;Snowball & Weatherburn, 2006;Weatherburn, 2014;Weatherburn & Holmes, 2010), but their disproportionate representation as drug users (Putt, Payne, & Milner, 2005;Weatherburn, 2014) is likely a consequence of a range of factors, including discrimination, cultural dispossession, and economic marginalisation (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2011; Saggers & Gray, 1998).…”

Section: Demographics and Identitymentioning

confidence: 99%

What factors predict the self-identification of drug dependency among criminal justice populations? Prevalence, correlates, and implications for the criminal justice system

Langfield¹,

Payne²

2020

Preprint

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The drug-crime nexus has long received international interest from both drug-crime scholars and public policy experts worldwide. While there is little disagreement that more frequent drug use is linked to higher rates of crime the causal underpinnings of this relationship remain hotly contested. One area of increasing interest among criminological, social, and psychological scholars alike is the confounding influence and power of 'identity' in shaping the long-term behavioural trajectories of both drug use and crime. In this study, we explore the prevalence with which recent drug using police detainees self-identify as drug dependent and, using logistic regression, we model self-identification as a function of one's demographic, and drug use profile. We find that, after controlling for type, frequency, and longevity of drug use, being female and younger is associated with an increased odds of self-identifying as drug dependent. Further, we find that despite using drugs at the same frequency and for the same length of time, heroin and other opiate users are the most likely to self-identify. To end, the potential implications of these results are discussed, and future research avenues are explored.

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Re‐thinking Indigenous over‐representation in prison

Cited by 17 publications

References 22 publications

Imprisonment of opioid‐dependent people in New South Wales, Australia, 2000–2012: a retrospective linkage study

Imprisonment of opioid‐dependent people in New South Wales, Australia, 2000–2012: a retrospective linkage study

The Revival of Comparative Criminology in a Globalised World: Local Variances and Indigenous Over‐representation

What factors predict the self-identification of drug dependency among criminal justice populations? Prevalence, correlates, and implications for the criminal justice system

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