Re-framing planning decision-making: increasing flood resilience in Jakarta

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to re-frame planning decision-making to address risks of flooding and to increase community resilience. Rapid urbanisation, fragmented governance and recurrent flooding complicate resolution of DKI Jakarta’s chronic housing shortage. Failure to effectively implement planning decision-making processes poses potential human rights violations. Contemporary planning policy requires the relocation of households living in floodplains within 15 m of DKI Jakarta’s main watercourses, further constraining land availability and potentially requiring increased densification. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a preliminary scoping study for a technologically enhanced participatory planning method, incorporating synthesis of existing information on urbanisation, governance and flood risk management in Jakarta. Findings – Responsibility for flood risk management in DKI Jakarta is fragmented both within and across administrative boundaries. Decision-making is further complicated by: limited availability of land use data; uncertainty as to the delineated extent of watercourses, floodplains and flood modelling; unclear risk and liability for infrastructure investments; and technical literacy of both public and government participants. Practical implications – This research provides information to facilitate consultation with government entities tasked with re-framing planning processes to increase public participation. Social implications – Potential increased opportunities for collaborative decision-making and consequent reduction in risk exposure amongst DKI Jakarta’s most vulnerable populations can help to address issues of social justice. Originality/value – This paper synthesises information from a range of sources not available in English, and offers insights into a complex system of governance and modes for improving decision-making.

Understanding the Operational Concept of a Flood-Resilient Urban Community in Jakarta, Indonesia, from the Perspectives of Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation and Development Agencies

“…It has been found that a lack of interaction and communication between related key actors seems to be one of the main causes of this coordination issue [107]. As described by prior studies, another possible reason is the policy and institutional fragmentation within the arena of flood risk management in Jakarta [124,125].…”

Enabling strategies and impeding factors to urban resilience implementation: A scoping review

“… (1) (Allan et al, ; Coaffee, , ; Fitzgerald & Laufer, ; Johnson & Blackburn, ; Malalgoda et al, ; Wilby & Keenan, ); (2) (Bakker & Morinville, ; Cigler, ; Danar & Pushpalal, ; Dias et al, ; Ernstson, , ; Pierdet, ; Schewenius, McPhearson, & Elmqvist, ); (3) (Cousins, ; Ernstson, , ; Ernstson et al, ; Fitzgerald & Laufer, ; Smith et al, ; Wagenaar & Wilkinson, ); (4) (Berke & Campanella, ; Coaffee, , ; Crichton, ; Fitzgerald & Laufer, ; Sharma & Singh, ); (5) (Bosher et al, , ; Cigler, ; Friend et al, ; Sunarharum et al, ); (6) (Galaz, ; Gupta, ); (7) (Galaz, ); (8) (Brown et al, ; Kelman, ; Meerow & Newell, ; Zaidi & Pelling, ); (9) (Hill, ; McPhearson et al, ); (10) (Gupta, ; Horney et al, ); (11) (Kehinde, ; Liu et al, ); (12) (Haigh & Sutton, ; Kapucu, ; Stewart, Kolluru, & Smith, ); (13) (Liu et al, ); (14) (Roberts, ; Sellberg et al, ; Zaidi & Pelling, ); (15) (Gotham, ; Haigh and Amaratunga, ); (16) (Horney et al, ; Liu et al, ); (17) (Horney et al, ; Kapucu, ; Storsjö & Kachali, ); (18) (Kehinde, ); (19) (Berke & Campanella, ; Liu et al, …”

“…In some industries, inherent conflicts arise around the design of an infrastructure: while a levee might be crucial for risk reduction, it may have been built to primarily serve the shipping industry (Cigler, ). During implementation, a lack of information on risks and poor information transmission to concerned parties can also impede resilience initiatives (Friend et al, ; Sunarharum, Sloan, & Susilawati, ). Moreover, past infrastructure decisions can be a major impeding factor as they are difficult to undo and shape views about current options (Gupta, ).…”

Everyday resilience, reworking, and resistance in North Jakarta’s kampungs

“…Much of the literature on resilience and policy responses to flooding in Jakarta focuses on relative vulnerability to flooding, conducting comparison at the city scale (or large suburban scale) of physical exposure, governance institutions or demographic characteristics (e.g. Akmalah and Griggs, 2011; Caljouw et al., 2005; Dickson et al., 2012; Firman et al., 2011; Renald et al., 2016; Sunarharum et al., 2014). These studies have found the physically vulnerable areas in the city, such as North Jakarta, and demonstrated the multiplying effects of subsidence and climate change on flooding.…”