Re-evaluating the role of solar variability on Northern Hemisphere temperature trends since the 19th century

Persisting and strong warming hiatus over eastern China during the past two decades

“…While, during warm winters after 1990, superimposing on dynamicallyinduced mild warmth, the thermodynamic effects considerably amplified the warm anomaly. Among these thermodynamic contributions, the urbanizationcaused warming rate should be particularly noted, since most urban stations are coincidently distributed over susceptible regions identified in figure 2(f ) (Soon et al 2015). Measured by the magnitude of cooling trends for Tmin after 1998, the contribution from dynamic effects to the significant hiatus reached 23%-31%, depending on selected end points among 2011-2016.…”

“…Inferred from relevant studies for the hiatus over the Eurasian continent and China, the persisting cooling trend over eastern China may possibly be ascribed to increasing local aerosol loading (Smith et al 2016), rising heat uptake by the nearby ocean (like the North Pacific, Chen and Tung 2014), rapid Arctic sea ice decline (Mori et al 2014), or a transient regime of low-level solar radiation (Du et al 2017). Enough cautions, however, should be warranted about the role of solar irradiance changes in triggering the warming hiatus, considering large uncertainties among differing datasets of solar activity (Soon et al 2015). At a regional scale, dynamic effects, i.e.…”

Radiation Transfer Calculations and Assessment of Global Warming by CO2

“…(v) that the IPCC denies any noticeable solar influence on the actual climate, although strong evidence of an increasing solar activity over the last century exists (see, e.g., Hoyt & Schatten [8]; Willson & Mordvinov [9]; Shapiro et al [10]; Ziskin & Shaviv [11]; Scafetta & Willson [12]; Usoskin et al [13]; Zhao & Feng [14]; Soon et al [15]);…”

On the Possible Contribution of Natural Climatic Fluctuations to the Global Warming of the Last 135 Years

“…E.g. Soon et al [3] noted that if the urbanization effect is properly taken into account, one can conclude that solar variability is the dominant factor of Northern Hemisphere long-term temperature changes since at least 1881. Zhao and Feng [4] reported that variations in solar activity play an important role in changes of climate over global scale during the last more than 100 years.…”