Re-emergence of scrub typhus in northeast India

Khan, Siraj Ahmed; Dutta, Prafulla; Khan, Abdul Mabood; Topno, Rashmee; Borah, Jani; Chowdhury, Pritom; Mahanta, Jagadish

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2012.05.1030

Cited by 56 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Of the 29 states in India, 23 have reported the presence of scrub typhus. [6][7][8][9] The clinical presentation of scrub typhus ranges from subclinical disease to multiorgan failure and death. 10 The disease usually presents with fever, diffuse lymphadenopathy, myalgia, rash, jaundice, thrombocytopenia, capillary leak syndrome, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrub Typhus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Sharma

Biswal

Kumar

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Scrub typhus, a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Orientia tsutsugamushi, has become endemic in many parts of India. We studied the clinical profile of this infection in 228 patients that reported to this tertiary care center from July 2013 to December 2014. The median age of patients was 35 years (interquartile range = 24.5-48.5 years), and 111 were males and 117 females. A high-grade fever occurred in 85%, breathlessness in 42%, jaundice in 32%, abdominal pain in 28%, renal failure in 11%, diarrhea in 10%, rashes in 9%, and seizures in 7%. Common laboratory abnormalities at presentation were a deranged hepatic function in 61%, anemia in 54%, leukopenia in 15%, and thrombocytopenia in 90% of our patients. Acute kidney injury (32%), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (25%), and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) (16%) were the commonest complications. A hepatorenal syndrome was seen in 38% and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in 20% patients. The overall case fatality rate was 13.6%. In univariate analysis, ARDS requiring mechanical ventilation, acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis, hypotension requiring inotropic support, central nervous system dysfunction at presentation, and MODS were inversely associated with survival.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrub Typhus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Sharma

Biswal

Kumar

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In India context, scrub typhus was first reported in Assam during World War II (1944–1945) across the India–Myanmar border ( 2 ). The northeastern region of India then experienced decades without the disease until it reemerged in 2010 ( 3 ). Assam, a northeastern state in India, is recognized as an endemic zone for acute encephalitis syndrome (AES), especially that caused by Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrub Typhus Leading to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, Assam, India

Khan¹,

Bora²,

Laskar³

et al. 2017

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, outbreaks of scrub typhus have been reported all over India including southern States67. It has emerged as an important cause of febrile illness in Puducherry and adjoining areas of Tamil Nadu, and confirmed cases have been reported every year8.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance & distribution of trombiculid mites & Orientia tsutsugamushi, the vectors & pathogen of scrub typhus in rodents & shrews collected from Puducherry & Tamil Nadu, India

Sadanandane¹,

Ayyanar²,

Paily³

et al. 2016

Indian J Med Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background & objectives:Human cases of scrub typhus are reported every year from Puducherry and adjoining areas in southern India. However, information on the presence of causative agent, Orientia tsutsugamushi, and its vectors is lacking. Hence, the objective of the study was to find out the vector as well as pathogen distribution in rodents and shrews present in the scrub typhus-reported areas in southern India.Methods:Trombiculid mites were collected by combing rats and shrews collected using Sherman traps and identified to species level following standard taxonomical keys. The serum samples of the animals were used for Weil–Felix test and the clots containing blood cells were used for DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results:A total of 181 animals comprising four rodent species and one shrew species were collected from 12 villages. High proportion of chiggers was collected from the shrew, Suncus murinus (79.1%) and Rattus rattus (47.6%). A total of 10,491 trombiculid mites belonging to nine species were collected. Leptotrombidium deliense, the known vector of scrub typhus pathogen, was the predominant species (71.0%) and the chigger (L. deliense) index was 41.1 per animal. Of the 50 animals screened for the pathogen, 28 showed agglutination against OX-K in Weil–Felix test indicating the presence of antibodies against O. tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus. PCR carried out with the DNA extracted from blood samples of two of the animals were positive for GroEl gene of O. tsutsugamushi.Interpretation & conclusions:L. deliense index was well above the critical limit of chigger load, indicating that all the villages were receptive for high risk of transmission of scrub typhus to human. Pathogen positivity was higher among animals collected from villages recorded for higher chigger indices due to active transmission between the chigger mites and reservoir host animals. The results are suggestive of routine vector/pathogen surveillance at hot spots to initiate timely preventive measures.

show abstract

Re-emergence of scrub typhus in northeast India

Cited by 56 publications

References 4 publications

Scrub Typhus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Scrub Typhus in a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India

Scrub Typhus Leading to Acute Encephalitis Syndrome, Assam, India

Abundance & distribution of trombiculid mites & Orientia tsutsugamushi, the vectors & pathogen of scrub typhus in rodents & shrews collected from Puducherry & Tamil Nadu, India

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About