RDR1 and SGS3, Components of RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing, Are Required for the Regulation of Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Developing Inflorescence Stems of Arabidopsis

Lam, Patricia; Zhao, Lei; McFarlane, Heather E.; Aiga, Mytyl; Lam, Vivian; Hooker, Tanya S.; Kunst, Ljerka

doi:10.1104/pp.112.199646

Cited by 87 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Both of these proteins are involved in the synthesis of small RNAs. These results led to the hypothesis that uncharacterized small RNA species directly or indirectly mediate posttranscriptional silencing of CER3 to control cuticular wax deposition in developing Arabidopsis inflorescence stems (Lam et al, 2012).…”

Section: The Regulation Of Wax Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoplastic Diffusion Barriers in Arabidopsis

Nawrath

Schreiber

Franke

et al. 2013

The Arabidopsis Book

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129

143

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During the development of Arabidopsis and other land plants, diffusion barriers are formed in the apoplast of specialized tissues within a variety of plant organs. While the cuticle of the epidermis is the primary diffusion barrier in the shoot, the Casparian strips and suberin lamellae of the endodermis and the periderm represent the diffusion barriers in the root. Different classes of molecules contribute to the formation of extracellular diffusion barriers in an organ-and tissue-specific manner. Cutin and wax are the major components of the cuticle, lignin forms the early Casparian strip, and suberin is deposited in the stage II endodermis and the periderm. The current status of our understanding of the relationships between the chemical structure, ultrastructure and physiological functions of plant diffusion barriers is discussed. Specific aspects of the synthesis of diffusion barrier components and protocols that can be used for the assessment of barrier function and important barrier properties are also presented.

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Section: The Regulation Of Wax Biosynthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoplastic Diffusion Barriers in Arabidopsis

Nawrath

Schreiber

Franke

et al. 2013

The Arabidopsis Book

Self Cite

129

143

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“…CER7 encodes an exosomal exoribonuclease, and the cer7 mutant exhibits reductions in stem wax and transcription of CER3, a major wax biosynthetic enzyme (Hooker et al, 2007). Recently, two suppressors of cer7 that restore the CER3 transcript and stem wax levels were identified, and cloning of the respective genes identified RDR1 and SGS3, two conserved components of the RNA-mediated gene-silencing pathway (Lam et al, 2012). A model was proposed wherein CER7 is involved in the degradation of a small RNA species that negatively regulates the CER3 transcript.…”

Section: Beyond Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A model was proposed wherein CER7 is involved in the degradation of a small RNA species that negatively regulates the CER3 transcript. Future work involving the identification of such a small RNA species and other components of this pathway will be especially intriguing, since no known plant small RNA species mapped to the CER7-dependent region of the CER3 promoter (Lam et al, 2012).…”

Section: Beyond Transcription Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Formation and Function of Plant Cuticles

2013

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The plant cuticle is an extracellular hydrophobic layer that covers the aerial epidermis of all land plants, providing protection against desiccation and external environmental stresses. The past decade has seen considerable progress in assembling models for the biosynthesis of its two major components, the polymer cutin and cuticular waxes. Most recently, two breakthroughs in the long-sought molecular bases of alkane formation and polyester synthesis have allowed construction of nearly complete biosynthetic pathways for both waxes and cutin. Concurrently, a complex regulatory network controlling the synthesis of the cuticle is emerging. It has also become clear that the physiological role of the cuticle extends well beyond its primary function as a transpiration barrier, playing important roles in processes ranging from development to interaction with microbes. Here, we review recent progress in the biochemistry and molecular biology of cuticle synthesis and function and highlight some of the major questions that will drive future research in this field.

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“…To gain additional insight into regulation of wax deposition by the CER7/RRP45B subunit, we carried out a screen for second-site suppressors of cer7-associated wax deficiency and isolated a series of wax restorer (war) mutants (Lam et al, 2012). Systematic identification of genes disrupted in these war lines revealed that the majority encode enzymes of the small interfering RNA (siRNA) biosynthetic pathway.…”

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confidence: 99%

SUPERKILLER complex components are required for the RNA exosome-mediated control of cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis inflorescence stems

Zhao

Kunst

2016

Plant Physiol.

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ECERIFERUM7 (CER7)/AtRRP45B core subunit of the exosome, the main cellular 39-to-59 exoribonuclease, is a positive regulator of cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) inflorescence stems. CER7-dependent exosome activity determines stem wax load by controlling transcript levels of the wax-related gene CER3. Characterization of the second-site suppressors of the cer7 mutant revealed that small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are direct effectors of CER3 expression. To explore the relationship between the exosome and posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in regulating CER3 transcript levels, we investigated two additional suppressor mutants, wax restorer1 (war1) and war7. We show that WAR1 and WAR7 encode Arabidopsis SUPERKILLER3 (AtSKI3) and AtSKI2, respectively, components of the SKI complex that associates with the exosome during cytoplasmic 39-to-59 RNA degradation, and that CER7-dependent regulation of wax biosynthesis also requires participation of AtSKI8. Our study further reveals that it is the impairment of the exosome-mediated 39-59 decay of CER3 transcript in the cer7 mutant that triggers extensive production of siRNAs and efficient PTGS of CER3. This identifies PTGS as a general mechanism for eliminating highly abundant endogenous transcripts that is activated when 39-to-59 mRNA turnover by the exosome is disrupted. Diminished efficiency of PTGS in ski mutants compared with cer7, as evidenced by lower accumulation of CER3-related siRNAs, suggests that reduced amounts of CER3 transcript are available for siRNA synthesis, possibly because CER3 mRNA that does not interact with SKI is degraded by 59-to-39 XRN4 exoribonuclease.

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RDR1 and SGS3, Components of RNA-Mediated Gene Silencing, Are Required for the Regulation of Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Developing Inflorescence Stems of Arabidopsis

Cited by 87 publications

References 50 publications

Apoplastic Diffusion Barriers in Arabidopsis

Apoplastic Diffusion Barriers in Arabidopsis

The Formation and Function of Plant Cuticles

SUPERKILLER complex components are required for the RNA exosome-mediated control of cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis inflorescence stems

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