Rb+ Uptake by Human Erythrocytes and Its Transmembrane Pathway

Abstract

The erythrocyte hemolysis was examined to assure Rb ＋ to have a weak toxicity toward human body. The way of Rb ＋ transporting into human erythrocytes was determined, and the factors to affect this transport process were evaluated. The effects of extracellular concentration of Rb ＋ , incubation temperature, incubation time, medium pH, and specific inhibitors were investigated via flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results indicated that the membrane transport of Rb ＋ through human erythrocytes was controlled mainly by both active transport and simple diffusion. Every mentioned factor took a positive effect on the Rb ＋ uptake by human erythrocytes, however neither DIDS nor nefidpine could inhibit the uptake of Rb ＋ .

Antiproliferative cyclodepsipeptides from the marine actinomycete Streptomyces sp. P11-23B downregulating the tumor metabolic enzymes of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and lipogenesis

“…Determination of intracellular K þ concentration (Bhattacharyya et al, 1971;Li and Yang, 2009;Lu et al, 2006). Briefly, fresh healthy human blood was centrifugated at 660 g for 10 min at 4 C. The precipitated erythrocytes were washed with GNS (glucose and normal saline injection) buffer (50 g/L glucose and 9 g/L NaCl) and then centrifugated at 660 g for 5 min in three repeated operations.…”

Versatile bioelectronic interfaces based on heterotrifunctional linking molecules

“…This problem can be circumvented by using electron mediators, such as toluidine blue O (TBO) (Lu et al, 2004), meldola blue (MB) (Serban and El Murr, 2004), neutral red (NR) Zeikus, 1999, 2000) and nile blue A (NBA) (Ramesh et al, 2003), to shuttle electrons between the electrode and cofactor at moderate voltages. Several approaches have been developed to achieve mediated electron exchange between an electrode and a dehydrogenase enzyme, including the use of diffusional mediators to shuttle electrons between the electrode and cofactor (Barlett et al, 1991), immobilization of the enzymes in conductive polymers (Emr and Yacynych, 1995;Heller, 1990), and construction of a redox relay which conducts electrons between the enzyme and electrode (Degani and Heller, 1987;Schuhmann et al, 1991).…”