Rb as an Alternative Cation for Templating Inorganic Lead-Free Perovskites for Solution Processed Photovoltaics

Harikesh, Padinhare Cholakkal; Mulmudi, Hemant Kumar; Ghosh, Biplab; Goh, Teck Wee; Teng, Yin Ting; Thirumal, Krishnamoorthy; Lockrey, Mark; Weber, Klaus; Koh, Teck Ming; Li, Shuzhou; Mhaisalkar, Subodh; Mathews, Nripan

doi:10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03310

Cited by 260 publications

(272 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…[21,180,181,[190][191][192] In terms of stability, although the all-inorganic perovskite NCs are much more stable than the organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts, the lack of proven stability may become the biggest obstacle on the path towards commercial viability. These concerns hinder their further deployment into applications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully‐Inorganic Trihalide Perovskite Nanocrystals: A New Research Frontier of Optoelectronic Materials

2017

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All-inorganic trihalide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) are emerging as a new class of superstar semiconductors with excellent optoelectronic properties and great potential for a broad range of applications in lighting, lasing, photon detection, and photovoltaics. This article provides an up-to-date review on the developments of fully-inorganic trihalide perovskite NCs by emphasizing their controllable solution fabrication strategies, structural phase transformation, tunable optoelectronic properties, stability, as well as their photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. Among the properties to be surveyed, particular focus is on the size-, shape-, and composition-dependent photoluminescence properties. Finally, by identifying new challenges, suggestions are provided for further research and potential development of this area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully‐Inorganic Trihalide Perovskite Nanocrystals: A New Research Frontier of Optoelectronic Materials

2017

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“…The trivalent Sb 3+ metal cation (1) is isoelectronic to Sn 2+ (4d 10 5s 2 ) and has a similar s 2 valence electronic configuration as Pb 2+ (5s 2 lone pair), (2) has a comparable electronegativity (Sb: 2.05, Sn: 1.96, Pb: 2.33) but (3) a significant smaller ionic radius (76 pm) compared to the divalent Sn 2+ (110 pm) and Pb 2+ (119 pm) metal cations [35, 51, 125, 156]. …”

Section: Heterovalent Substitution With Mono- Tri- and Tetravalent Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(NH 4 ) 3 Sb 2 I 9 [157], [NH(CH 3 ) 3 ] 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 [160], Rb 3 Sb 2 I 9 [35], Cs 3 Sb 2 I 9 [163–165]).…”

Section: Heterovalent Substitution With Mono- Tri- and Tetravalent Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…0.5[55, 163][NH 2 (CH 3 ) 2 ] 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 Exp.Monoclinic ( Pc ) at 200 K–––[159]Monoclinic ( P 2 1 / c ) at 298 K2D––[159, 168][NH 2 (CH 3 ) 2 ] 3 Sb 2 Br 9 Exp.Monoclinic ( P 2 1 / c )–––[167][NH(CH 3 ) 3 ] 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 Exp.Monoclinic ( Pc )2D––[160][N(CH 3 ) 4 ] 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 Exp.Hexagonal ( P 6 3 / mmc )0D––[158][N(CH 3 ) 4 ] 3 Sb 2 Br 9 Exp.Hexagonal ( P 6 3 / mmc )0D––[170](C 5 H 5 NH) 3 Sb 2 Cl 9 Exp.Monoclinic ( C 2/ c )1D––[170]Rb 3 Sb 2 Br 9 Exp.Trigonal ( P m 1)–2.48–[162]Rb 3 Sb 2 I 9 Sim./exp.Monoclinic ( Pc )2D2.10.66[35]Monoclinic ( Pc )–1.94–[162]…”

Section: Heterovalent Substitution With Mono- Tri- and Tetravalent Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Progress on lead-free metal halide perovskites for photovoltaic applications: a review

2017

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Metal halide perovskites have revolutionized the field of solution-processable photovoltaics. Within just a few years, the power conversion efficiencies of perovskite-based solar cells have been improved significantly to over 20%, which makes them now already comparably efficient to silicon-based photovoltaics. This breakthrough in solution-based photovoltaics, however, has the drawback that these high efficiencies can only be obtained with lead-based perovskites and this will arguably be a substantial hurdle for various applications of perovskite-based photovoltaics and their acceptance in society, even though the amounts of lead in the solar cells are low. This fact opened up a new research field on lead-free metal halide perovskites, which is currently remarkably vivid. We took this as incentive to review this emerging research field and discuss possible alternative elements to replace lead in metal halide perovskites and the properties of the corresponding perovskite materials based on recent theoretical and experimental studies. Up to now, tin-based perovskites turned out to be most promising in terms of power conversion efficiency; however, also the toxicity of these tin-based perovskites is argued. In the focus of the research community are other elements as well including germanium, copper, antimony, or bismuth, and the corresponding perovskite compounds are already showing promising properties.Graphical abstract

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“…The cell was encapsulated with glass and hot-melt resin. There are some reports on Pb free PVK PVs using Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 (1.09%), 42 CsGeI 3 (0.11%), MAGeI 3 (0.20%), 43 SnF 2 doped CsSnIxBry (1.67%), 44 Rb3Sb2I9 (0.66%), 45 MA 3 Bi 2 I 9 (0.39%). 46 However, much effort would be needed to enhance the efficiency.…”

Section: Approaches To Pb Free Perovskite Solar Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research following Pb Perovskite Solar Cells

Hayase

2017

Electrochemistry

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Certified efficiency of Pb perovskite solar cells with mixed cations is reported to be 19.6% (1 cm 2 ). One of the recent research interests is on enhancing the solar cell efficiency further. Band gap of the present Pb perovskite is about 1.55 eV. Supposing that Voc loss is 0.4 eV, the best efficiency is obtained by using perovskite with about 1.4 eV band gap. One of the candidates for the narrow band gap perovskite material is SnPb mixed metal perovskite. In this paper, the relationship between Voc losses and hetero-interface structures is discussed in detail, leading to the conclusion that hetero-interface structures give serious effects on the solar cell efficiency. It is reported that the efficiency was enhanced from about 5% to 16% after optimization of the hetero-interface structure. In addition, research trend on Pb free perovskite solar cells consisting of Sn or Bi, which is another recent research interest, is also reviewed.

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Rb as an Alternative Cation for Templating Inorganic Lead-Free Perovskites for Solution Processed Photovoltaics

Cited by 260 publications

References 62 publications

Fully‐Inorganic Trihalide Perovskite Nanocrystals: A New Research Frontier of Optoelectronic Materials

Fully‐Inorganic Trihalide Perovskite Nanocrystals: A New Research Frontier of Optoelectronic Materials

Progress on lead-free metal halide perovskites for photovoltaic applications: a review

Research following Pb Perovskite Solar Cells

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