Rays hamper intrusive growth of vessel elements

Gizińska, Aldona; Miodek, Adam; Kojs, Paweł

doi:10.1007/s00468-020-02071-x

Cited by 6 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…1 ) – are extremely complex and insufficiently explained. Even such basic issues as functioning of the vascular cambium and the development of derivative cells, the mechanism of increase in circumference of the cambial cylinder (Włoch et al ., 2009 , 2013 ; Wilczek et al ., 2014 a ; Miodek et al ., 2021 ), and the course of intrusive growth of cambial initials, vessel elements, and wood fibres (Jura et al ., 2006 ; Wilczek et al ., 2018 ; Gizińska, Miodek & Kojs, 2021 ) still remain debated. One of the key processes related to cambial activity is xylogenesis, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…after winter frosts) (discussed in Gizińska et al ., 2015 ). Thus, understanding the processes of growth of vessel elements and pattern formation of water‐conducting system is of great interest (Zasada & Zahner, 1969 ; Zimmermann, 1983 ; Zakrzewski, 1991 ; Kitin, Sano & Funada, 2003 ; Wilczek et al ., 2011 b ; Gizińska et al ., 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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What do we know about growth of vessel elements of secondary xylem in woody plants?

et al. 2021

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Despite extensive knowledge about vessel element growth and the determination of the axial course of vessels, these processes are still not fully understood. They are usually explained as resulting primarily from hormonal regulation in stems. This review focuses on an increasingly discussed aspect – mechanical conditions in the vascular cambium. Mechanical conditions in cambial tissue are important for the growth of vessel elements, as well as other cambial derivatives. In relation to the type of stress acting on cambial cells (compressive versus tensile stress) we: (i) discuss the shape of the enlarging vessel elements observed in anatomical sections; (ii) present hypotheses regarding the location of intrusive growth of vessel elements and cambial initials; (iii) explain the relationship between the growth of vessel elements and fibres; and (iv) consider the effect of mechanical stress in determining the course of a vessel. We also highlight the relationship between mechanical stress and transport of the most extensively studied plant hormone – auxin. We conclude that the integration of a biomechanical factor with the commonly acknowledged hormonal regulation could significantly enhance the analysis of the formation of vessel elements as well as entire vessels, which transport water and minerals in numerous plant species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What do we know about growth of vessel elements of secondary xylem in woody plants?

et al. 2021

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“…Intrusive growth is meager in apical meristems and in differentiating primary tissues, but quite abundant in the elongate cells of the vascular cambium and their derivatives, i.e. elongating fibres, widening vessel-element mother cells, growing sieve-tube elements and several other cell types (Ghouse and Yunus 1975 , Ghouse and Iqbal 1979 ; Iqbal and Ghouse 1983 ; Iqbal 1995 ; Lev-Yadun 2001 ; Gizińska et al 2021 ). Here we focus only on the intrusive growth of the cambial initials.…”

Section: Symplastic and Intrusive Cell Growthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we focus only on the intrusive growth of the cambial initials. However, recent reports suggest that the same mechanical conditions are likely involved in the intrusive growth of cambial initials, vessel-element mother cells (Wilczek et al 2011b ; Gizińska et al 2021 ) and fibres (Miodek et al 2013 ; Wilczek et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Symplastic and Intrusive Cell Growthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Do Trees Grow in Girth? Controversy on the Role of Cellular Events in the Vascular Cambium

2021

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Radial growth has long been a subject of interest in tree biology research. Recent studies have brought a significant change in the understanding of some basic processes characteristic to the vascular cambium, a meristem that produces secondary vascular tissues (phloem and xylem) in woody plants. A new hypothesis regarding the mechanism of intrusive growth of the cambial initials, which has been ratified by studies of the arrangement of cambial cells, negates the influence of this apical cell growth on the expansion of the cambial circumference. Instead, it suggests that the tip of the elongating cambial initial intrudes between the tangential (periclinal) walls, rather than the radial (anticlinal) walls, of the initial(s) and its(their) derivative(s) lying ahead of the elongating cell tip. The new concept also explains the hitherto obscure mechanism of the cell event called ‘elimination of initials’. This article evaluates these new concepts of the cambial cell dynamics and offers a new interpretation for some curious events occurring in the cambial meristem in relation to the radial growth in woody plants.

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“…Thus, the most important difference between these two ways of circumference increase was thought to be in the contribution and role of intrusive growth, i.e. growth which results in the change in contacts between cells 4 , 13 , 17 – 19 . Directional intrusive growth, and other events, such as oblique anticlinal divisions of initials, uniting and splitting of rays 17 , 19 – 21 , are components of the rearrangement process of initial cells of the vascular cambium 22 – 25 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrusive growth of initials does not affect cambial circumference in Robinia pseudoacacia

Miodek

Gizińska

Włoch

et al. 2022

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This study aimed to test the hypothesis whether intrusive growth of initial cells is related to the increase in circumference of Robinia pseudoacacia vascular cambium—both qualitatively and quantitatively. The mode of intrusive growth of cambial initial cells was also studied. Samples collected from tree trunks were examined using series of semi-thin transverse sections. Anatomical reconstructions of radial and tangential planes of analysed fragments of cambial tissue were made. Observations and measurements have shown that the intrusive growth of R. pseudoacacia initial cells does not contribute to an increase in tangential dimension of observed tissue fragments where cell rearrangement occurs. Moreover, initially separated tangential walls of cells (between which cambial initial cell elongates intrusively) are transformed into obliquely oriented walls. These results stand in accordance with a statement that only symplastic growth of initials, not intrusive growth, is responsible for the increase in circumference in all woody plants with the continuous cambial cylinder. Moreover, we managed to capture the moment of transition of initial status from one cell to another for the first time. This phenomenon may be explained on the basis of the system of mechanical stresses operating not only in the secondary meristematic tissue but also in a whole plant organism.

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Rays hamper intrusive growth of vessel elements

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

What do we know about growth of vessel elements of secondary xylem in woody plants?

What do we know about growth of vessel elements of secondary xylem in woody plants?

How Do Trees Grow in Girth? Controversy on the Role of Cellular Events in the Vascular Cambium

Intrusive growth of initials does not affect cambial circumference in Robinia pseudoacacia

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