Rayleigh scattering on the cavitation region emerging in liquids

Abstract

It is shown that the scattering of laser radiation off cavitation ruptures in fluids is similar to scattering by gas particles. When the characteristic dimensions of microscopic voids and bubbles are considerably smaller than the laser wavelength, the scattered light is in the Rayleigh regime, which allows for the detection of early stage cavitation. Simple estimates of the scattered radiation intensity and the dynamics of its changes in connection with the generation of cavitation in the test volume are obtained, allowing us to find the critical conditions for cavitation inception.

Electrostrictive Cavitation in Water Induced by a SnO2 Nanoparticle

“…12 The Shneider, Pekker, and Fridman theory of void formation has been experimentally verified. 12 Water subjected to pulses with rise times of 600 ps to 3 ns were found to generate nanocavities through electrostrictive forces. 13 Cavitation did not occur with longer rise times as the liquid had sufficient time to respond to the forces without rupturing.…”

“…A better understanding of a cavity formation statistics was provided by Azouzi et al in which a single inclusion was studied repeatedly. Direct observation of cavities through Rayleigh scattering has been proposed, but to date, no experiments have been carried out . The Shneider, Pekker, and Fridman theory of void formation has been experimentally verified .…”

“…Direct observation of cavities through Rayleigh scattering has been proposed, but to date, no experiments have been carried out . The Shneider, Pekker, and Fridman theory of void formation has been experimentally verified . Water subjected to pulses with rise times of 600 ps to 3 ns were found to generate nanocavities through electrostrictive forces .…”

Initial stage of cavitation in liquids and its observation by Rayleigh scattering

“…It was shown in [24] that the Rayleigh scattering allows to observe the very beginning stages of cavitation development, when the emerging nanopores have not yet reached the size sufficient for detection by standard optical methods listed above.…”

“…For the scattering by the background liquid molecules, when the characteristic size of the scattering region n L s /   , the complete mutual interference quenching of radiation scattered by individual molecules holds, and Rayleigh scattering is determined by thermal fluctuations [29,30]. Note that in our recent paper [24], we erroneously compared the scattering of a plane-polarized electromagnetic wave off nanopores to the scattering of natural polarized light off the background fluctuations of the water. Below, we will correct this error.…”