Rayleigh scattering and weak localization: Effects of polarization

Stephen, Michael J.; Cwilich, Gabriel

doi:10.1103/physrevb.34.7564

Cited by 206 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…When ℓ is large compared to the wavelength λ but small compared to the distance d between the two arrays, the wave propagation becomes diffusive (7,8). This has been analyzed in the past in the context of electron diffusion in metals (6) and light propagation in solids (7,11). In the case of wireless propagation, with signals in the 2 GHz region, λ ∼ 10-15 cm, while ℓ is of order meters for indoors and tens of meters for outdoors propagation, so diffusion is applicable.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Communication Through a Diffusive Medium: Coherence and Capacity

Moustakas¹,

Baranger

Balents

et al. 2000

Science

231

137

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Coherent wave propagation in disordered media gives rise to many fascinating phenomena as diverse as universal conductance fluctuations in mesoscopic metals and speckle patterns in light scattering. Here, the theory of electromagnetic wave propagation in diffusive media is combined with information theory to show how interference affects the information transmission rate between antenna arrays. Nontrivial dependencies of the information capacity on the nature of the antenna arrays are found, such as the dimensionality of the arrays and their direction with respect to the local scattering medium. This approach provides a physical picture for understanding the importance of scattering in the transfer of information through wireless communications.The ongoing communications revolution has motivated researchers to look for novel ways to transmit information (1, 2). One recent development (3, 4) is the suggestion that, contrary to long-held beliefs, random scattering of microwave or radio signals may enhance the amount of information that can be transmitted on a particular channel. Prompted by this suggestion, we introduce a realistic physical model for a scattering environment and analytically evaluate the amount of information that can be transmitted between two antenna arrays for a number of example cases. On the one hand, this lays a new foundation for complex microwave signal modeling, an important task in a world with ever-increasing demand for wireless communication, and, on the other, introduces a new arena for physicists to test ideas concerning disordered media.From information theory (5), the capacity of a channel between a transmitter and a receiver, that is, the maximum rate of information transfer at a given frequency, can be described in terms of the average power of the signal S and the noise N at the receiver: C = log 2 (1+S/N ). More generally (2), the communication channel connecting several transmitters and receivers is described by a matrix G iα giving the amplitude of the received signal α due to transmitter i. The information carried by the channel can be characterized using several quantities, such as the capacity or mutual information, which are typically functionals of the matrix G, which must be known in order to predict these quantities. Often G cannot be predicted for actual systems, such as wireless communication networks or optical fibers, because of the complicated scattering and interference of waves that is involved. It is crucial, therefore, to develop physical models for the signal propagation, as it is only through such models that one can understand the real effects of scattering and interference on the amount of information that can be communicated.In many cases, only partial information is available for prediction; in these situations, one only has a statistical description of G. Instead of making assumptions about G directly, the usual procedure in information theory, we introduce statistical models for the physical environment from which we derive the properties of G. The adv...

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confidence: 99%

“…The average power propagating is the same as for scalar waves, since vectorial diffusion (non-zero spin) decays exponentially (11). The correlation matrices are now given by using χ i (k,ǫ) = (p i ·ǫ) exp(ik 0k · r i ) in Eq.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Communication Through a Diffusive Medium: Coherence and Capacity

Moustakas¹,

Baranger

Balents

et al. 2000

Science

231

137

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“…The Helmholtz equation has been widely used to study scattering in infinite and semi-infinite random media [15,16,17,18,19]. For the case of polarization, however, this can only be determined from the vector form of the Maxwell equation [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light scattering on random dielectric layers

Fialko

Ziegler

2008

Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer

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Scattering of light by a random stack of dielectric layers represents a one-dimensional scattering problem, where the scattered field is a three-dimensional vector field. We investigate the dependence of the scattering properties (band gaps and Anderson localization) on the wavelength, strength of randomness and relative angle of the incident wave. There is a characteristic angular dependence of Anderson localization for wavelengths close to the thickness of the layers. In particular, the localization length varies non-monotonously with the angle. In contrast to Anderson localization, absorptive layers do not have this characteristic angular dependence.

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“…[6,7]). When considering FCF slow coordinate r = (r 1 + r 2 )/2 and time t = (t 1 + t 2 )/2 as well as fast ones: ρ = (r 1 − r 2 )/2 and τ = (t 1 − t 2 )/2 are introduced.…”

Section: Definitions and Statement Of The Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This activity was inspired by experimental evidence for a number of the phenomena (e.g. enhanced back-scattering [1,2], spatial and frequency correlation of back-scattered and transmitted radiation [3,4]; for a review see [5]) as well as by realizing a close similarity of these phenomena to fluctuation phenomena in electron transport in disordered systems (mesoscopics) [6,7]. The latter brought new physical insight and theoretical methods into the field established in optics many years ago [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-time asymptotic of temporal-spatial coherence function for light propagation through time dependent disorder

Auslender

1997

Physics Letters A

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Long-time asymptotic of field-field correlator for radiation propagated through a medium composed of random point-like scatterers is studied using Bete-Salpeter equation. It is shown that for plane source the fluctuation intensity (zero spatial moment of the correlator) obeys a power-logarithmic stretched exponential decay law, the exponent and preexponent being dependent on the scattering angle. Spatial center of gravity and dispersion of the correlator (normalized first and second spatial moments, respectively) prove to weakly diverge as time tends to infinity. A spin analogy of this problem is discussed.

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Rayleigh scattering and weak localization: Effects of polarization

Cited by 206 publications

References 11 publications

Communication Through a Diffusive Medium: Coherence and Capacity

Communication Through a Diffusive Medium: Coherence and Capacity

Light scattering on random dielectric layers

Long-time asymptotic of temporal-spatial coherence function for light propagation through time dependent disorder

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