Ray tracing simulations in scintillators: A comparison between SLitrani and Geant4

Pizzichemi, Marco; Auffray, E.; Chipaux, R.; Cucciati, G.; Vara, Nicolas Di; Ghezzi, A.; Iaconelli, Riccardo; Lecoq, P.; Lucchini, M. T.; Knapitsch, A.; Paganoni, M.; Pauwels, K.

doi:10.1109/nssmic.2012.6551403

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These detectors often use customized designs with very specific crystal surface treatments (Ito et al , 2013; Yang et al , 2006; Roncali et al , 2014b) that are optimized with simulations (Ito et al , 2010). To perform those simulations, optical models have been implemented in the widely distributed opensource software Geant4 (Agostinelli et al , 2003; Pizzichemi et al , 2012) and GATE (Jan et al , 2004; Cuplov et al , 2014), based on previous work done in DETECT2000 (Levin and Moisan, 1996). GATE currently includes the UNIFIED model, which suffers from major limitations that makes anything other than perfectly polished crystals impossible to simulate optically with reasonable accuracy (Roncali and Cherry, 2013; Janecek and Moses, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated model of scintillator-reflector properties for advanced simulations of optical transport

Roncali

Stockhoff

Cherry³

2017

Phys. Med. Biol.

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Accurately modeling the light transport in scintillation detectors is essential to design new detectors for nuclear medicine or high energy physics. Optical models implemented in software such as Geant4 and GATE suffer from important limitations that we addressed by implementing a new approach in which the crystal reflectance was computed from 3D surface measurements. The reflectance was saved in a look-up-table (LUT) then used in Monte Carlo simulation to determine the fate of optical photons. Our previous work using this approach demonstrated excellent agreement with experimental characterization of crystal light output in a limited configuration, i.e. when using no reflector. As scintillators are generally encapsulated in a reflector, it is essential to include the crystal-reflector interface in the LUT. Here we develop a new LUT computation and apply it to several reflector types. A second LUT that contains transmittance data is also saved to enable modeling of optical crosstalk. LUTs have been computed for rough and polished crystals coupled to a Lambertian (e.g. Teflon tape) or a specular reflector (e.g. ESR) using air or optical grease, and the light output was computed using custom Monte Carlo code. 3 × 3 × 20 mm3 lutetium oxyorthosilicate crystals were prepared using these combinations, and the light output was measured experimentally at different irradiation depths. For all reflector and surface finish combinations, the measured and simulated light output showed very good agreement. The behavior of optical photons at the interface crystal-reflector was studied using these simulations, and results highlighted the large difference in optical properties between rough and polished crystals, and Lambertian and specular reflectors. These simulations also showed how the travel path of individual scintillation photons was affected by the reflector and surface finish. The ultimate goal of this work is to implement this model in Geant4 and GATE, and provide a database of scintillators combined with a variety of reflectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated model of scintillator-reflector properties for advanced simulations of optical transport

Roncali

Stockhoff

Cherry³

2017

Phys. Med. Biol.

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“…To estimate the discrimination capability inside the crystal using wavelength information, the wavelength response was simulated via Monte Carlo simulations using SLITRANI [19], [20]. In the simulations, emission light was transmitted and spread inside the GAGG crystal ( mm mm mm, refractive index: 1.87) wrapped with the material of Teflon tape (refractive index: 1.35).…”

Section: Monte Carlo Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single Side Readout Depth of Interaction Method With Wavelength Discrimination

Shimazoe

Choghadi

Takahashi

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Depth of interaction (DOI) information is important in the development of high-resolution detectors as it helps to reduce parallax error in positron emission tomography (PET) systems. Further, the determination of depth in the crystal is important for making scintillation crystal-based detectors in many other applications, such as the Compton imager and multi-radiation imagers. In this paper, a novel DOI method based on discrimination of the wavelength of the scintillation light emitted from a single side readout system is proposed. The single side readout facilitates flexibility in the final system in a geometrical configuration. The proposed method can be applied to stacked detectors with emissions of various wavelengths in crystals (e.g., LYSO and GAGG) and long monolithic detectors utilizing the wavelength dependence of internal light absorption. Simulations performed of the proposed discrimination principle via Monte Carlo simulation based on SLI-TRANI and experiments conducted using two silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) with wavelength filters verify the feasibility of the proposed method.Index Terms-Depth of interaction (DOI), silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), wavelength.

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Alternative Geometries for Improved Light Output of Inorganic Scintillating Crystals

Nemallapudi

Gundacker

Turtós

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci.

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Ray tracing simulations in scintillators: A comparison between SLitrani and Geant4

Cited by 3 publications

References 2 publications

An integrated model of scintillator-reflector properties for advanced simulations of optical transport

An integrated model of scintillator-reflector properties for advanced simulations of optical transport

Single Side Readout Depth of Interaction Method With Wavelength Discrimination

Alternative Geometries for Improved Light Output of Inorganic Scintillating Crystals

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