Raw potato starch in weaned pig diets and its influence on postweaning scours and the molecular microbial ecology of the digestive tract1

Bhandari, S. K.; Nyachoti, C. M.; Krause, Denis O.

doi:10.2527/jas.2007-0747

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Where wheat was totally replaced by chestnuts, faecal scores were not significantly different from those of the control group. Bhandari et al (2009) have recorded similar results. Raw potato starch, a RS ingredient, reduced postweaning scouring in piglets at 7%, but at 14%, the reverse was true.…”

Section: Growth Performance and Frequency Of Diarrhoeasupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Thus, including RS in the diet will influence microbial metabolism in the large intestine; increasing the size of the bifidobacteria and lactobacilli populations (Bird et al, 2007). Recently, it was shown that including 7% of raw potato starch (as a source of RS) in the diet of weaned piglets improved their faecal scores, and modified the Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria populations in the colon but not in the ileum (Bhandari et al, 2009). These prebiotic actions are comparable to those of established prebiotic oligosaccharides, notably the insulin-type fructans (Robertfroid, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The use of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) as a source of resistant starch in the diet of the weaned piglet

Ribeiro¹,

Pinho²,

Falcão-Cunha³

et al. 2013

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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a b s t r a c tTwenty-four piglets, with a mean weight of 6.11 kg, were allocated to three experimental diets (8 piglets per diet). The starch content of the experimental diets was 39% consisting either of 100% wheat starch (CD), 50% wheat starch and 50% chestnut starch (CN50) or 100% chestnut starch (CN100). The piglets received these diets for 35 days. Total tract apparent digestibility (TTAD) was measured when piglets were aged 32-39 days and 46-53 days. Afterwards, the animals were sacrificed, their gastrointestinal compartments weighed, and the contents of their caecum and colon collected. Diet did not influence the feed intake or growth rate of the piglets, but had a significant effect on their feed conversion ratio which was 1.27, 1.30 and 1.37 for diets CD, CN50 and CN100, respectively (P=0.042). Piglets receiving the CN50 diet exhibited lower faecal scores compared to CD and CN100 groups ( 2 = 39.31, P<0.001). There was a trend (P=0.067) towards an increase in the TTAD of dry matter (DM) in the two chestnut-containing diets, but only when piglets were younger (32-39 days). The TTAD of crude protein (CP) was decreased (P<0.001) in CN100 group relative to CD and CN50 groups, independently of age. Relative to the CD group, the coefficient of TTAD of NDF was increased by 0.18 units in the CN50 group and 0.25 units in the CN100 group, when the piglets were aged 32-39 days. These differences were reduced to 0.09 and 0.17 units, respectively, when the piglets were aged 46-53 days. There were tendencies (P<0.10) towards increases in the full and empty weights of the large intestine in CN100 group. Moreover, diet had no significant effect on villus height and width. In the jejunum, crypt depth was reduced in CN100 group (P=0.006), while the villus height:crypt depth ratio was increased with the CN50 and CN100 diets (P=0.018). Diet had no significant effect on DM and pH of the caecal or colonic contents. In the caecum, the concentration (mmol l −1 ) of propionic acid was 5.15, 9.43 and 14.7 (P=0.042) for diets CD, CN50 and CN100, respectively. The concentration (mmol l −1 ) of butyric acid was 3.50, 4.90 and 9.84 (P=0.025). Conversely, diet had no significant effect on the concentration of short chain fatty acids in the colon. In conclusion, chestnuts could be used as an alternative source of RS in the diet of weaned piglets, although their feed conversion ratio (FCR) may be worsened.Abbreviations: ADFom, acid detergent fibre expressed exclusive of residual ash; ADL, acid detergent lignin; aNDFom, neutral detergent fibre assayed with heat stable amylase and expressed exclusive of residual ash; CD, control diet; CN50, diet containing 50% wheat starch and 50% chestnut starch; CN100, diet containing 100% chestnut starch; CP, crude protein; CTTAD, coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility

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Section: Growth Performance and Frequency Of Diarrhoeasupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The use of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) as a source of resistant starch in the diet of the weaned piglet

Ribeiro¹,

Pinho²,

Falcão-Cunha³

et al. 2013

Animal Feed Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Diarrhea incidence in the present study was higher than that reported by Hermes et al (2009), who used diets containing antibiotics, but fecal score did not show any relative increase. Opapeju et al (2008) and Bhandari et al (2009) observed fecal scores during the second week postweaning in animals fed SBM diets without antibiotics, which is similar to fecal scores reported in the present study. Zhan et al (2008) and Grimble (2007) have reported that arginine induces nitric oxide-mediated water and electrolyte secretion, which at low levels (0.7%) acts as an absorber and at high levels (>1.2%) as a secretagogue; however, in the present study, the arginine level in the SM diet (0.86%) was not high enough to induce diarrhea or increase diarrhea incidence.…”

Section: Ajavssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Fecal score was similar to values observed by Opapeju et al (2008) and Bhandari et al (2009) at 14 days post-weaning. Diarrhea incidence in the present study was higher than that reported by Hermes et al (2009), who used diets containing antibiotics, but fecal score did not show any relative increase.…”

Section: Ajavssupporting

confidence: 64%

Morphophysiological Adaptations of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Piglets Fed a Sesame Meal or Soybean Meal Diet

Barreyro¹

2014

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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An important indicator to recommend a protein source for piglet nutrition is the absence of intestinal damage. The effects of sesame or soybean meal based diets on Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) morphophysiology, diarrhea incidence and severity in piglets were studied during the first two weeks postweaning. Thirty-six piglets weaned at 21 days of age were fed one of three diets: A control casein diet (C), a Sesame Meal diet (SM), or a Soybean Meal Diet (SBM). Diarrhea incidence and fecal score were determined once daily over a 14-day period. After 14 days, 3 piglets in each experimental group were fasted 12 h, fed for 1 hour and then slaughtered at 3, 6, 9 and 12 h after feeding, at which times relative GIT weights (g·kg −1 ), intestinal morphology, digesta pH, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities were evaluated.Stomach and small intestine weight were higher (p<0.05) in piglets fed SBM and SM than in piglets fed C. The gastric pH was higher in piglets fed C and SM and lower in piglets fed SBM (p<0.05). The pH of the different segments of the GIT was not affected (p>0.05) by dietary protein source. The specific activity of chymotrypsin was higher (p<0.05) in animals fed C than in those fed SM and SBM and did not vary with after feeding time (p>0.05). Trypsin activity was higher (p<0.05) in piglets fed SBM than those fed C and SM. The dietary protein source had no impact (p<0.05) on villus height or duodenal and ileal crypt depth. Jejunal villi in piglets fed SBM were shorter (p<0.05) than in piglets fed C and SM. Dietary treatment had no effect on diarrhea incidence and severity. These findings show that sesame meal can replace soybean meal as a protein source in starter diets for weaned piglets.

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“…The available studies on the effects of starch on rabbits mainly compared diets based on wheat, barley, maize and peas (Gidenne and Perez, 1993a;Gutié rrez et al, 2002;Xiccato et al, 2002). Studies in other species, mainly rats (Mathers et al, 1997;Le Blay et al, 2003) and pigs (Martin et al, 1998;Hedemann and Knudsen, 2007;Bhandari et al, 2009), primarily studied the effects of the incorporation of raw potato on the fermentative characteristics of starch in the large intestine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of substitution of wheat starch by potato starch on the performance, digestive physiology and health of growing rabbits

Pinheiro¹,

Cunha²,

Mourão³

et al. 2013

Animal

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The goal of this research was to study the effect of the substitution of wheat starch by potato starch (PS) on the performance, health and digestion of growing rabbits. Three experimental diets were formulated with 0%, 7% and 14% PS (PS0, PS7 and PS14, respectively) and similar starch contents (22% dry matter basis), proteins and fibre. The three diets were administered to three groups of 48 rabbits from weaning (28 days) to slaughter (70 days), and growth and health measurements were made. Another 10 rabbits per diet (30 rabbits at each age), reared under similar conditions, were slaughtered at 6 to 10 weeks of age, and the digesta were collected to analyse the caecal microbial activity (pH, volatile fatty acids (VFA) levels, fibrolytic activity) and the starch concentration in the ileal digesta. At the same ages, the whole tract digestibility coefficients were measured in 10 other rabbits for each treatment (30 rabbits). The feed intake between 28 and 42 days of age (days) increased by 11% (P , 0.05) in PS0 v. PS14. Over the whole growth period (28 to 70 days), weight gain was similar among diets (40.5 g/day), whereas the feed intake and feed conversion increased (8.5% and 5.2%, respectively; P , 0.05) with the PS14 diet. Mortality and morbidity were not affected by the diets. The starch concentration of the ileal contents increased (P , 0.01) with the addition of PS to the diet (0.39%, 0.77% and 1.08% for diets PS0, PS7 and PS14, respectively). Starch digestibility was 0.8 percentage units higher (99.8% v. 99.0%) with the PS0 diet than the PS14 diet (P 5 0.04). The bacterial cellulolytic activity in the caecum tended to be higher with the PS14 diet (P 5 0.07). The total VFA caecal concentration increased (P , 0.01) only in 6-week-old rabbits with PS7 compared with PS0 (54.7 v. 74.5 mmol/l). Protein digestibility and ileal starch concentration decreased (P , 0.05) with age (6 v. 10 weeks), and hemicelluloses digestibility increased (P , 0.05). At 10 weeks of age, rabbits showed a higher VFA pool (6.25 mol) and proportion of butyrate (15.9%) and a lower proportion of acetate (79.3%), ammonia level (7.5 mmol/l) and C3/C4 ratio (0.31) than at 6 weeks of age. The intake of potato starch had no effect on the performance, caecal microbial activity or digestive health of growing rabbits.

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Raw potato starch in weaned pig diets and its influence on postweaning scours and the molecular microbial ecology of the digestive tract1

Cited by 44 publications

References 28 publications

The use of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) as a source of resistant starch in the diet of the weaned piglet

The use of chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.) as a source of resistant starch in the diet of the weaned piglet

Morphophysiological Adaptations of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Piglets Fed a Sesame Meal or Soybean Meal Diet

Effect of substitution of wheat starch by potato starch on the performance, digestive physiology and health of growing rabbits

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