Raw Meat Contaminated with Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales as a Potential Source of Human Home Exposure to Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria

Abstract

The prevalence of cephalosporine-resistant (3GC-R) strains among United States community-related research samples ranged from 5.6 to 10.8%, while, in the European countries, it was 1.2% to 10.1%. Several studies suggest that meat of animal origin could be one of the reservoirs of 3GC-R bacteria. Here, 86 raw meat samples (turkey, pork, chicken and beef) were collected randomly and verified for the presence of 3GC-R bacteria. The 3GC-R bacteria were isolated, identified and characterized phenotypically (antibiotic resistance, motility and biofilm) and genotypically (repetitive-sequence-based rep-PCR) to elucidate any correlations with principal component analysis (PCA). From 28 3GC-R positive samples, 41 strains were isolated, from which the majority belonged to Serratia fonticola (39%), followed by Escherichia coli (19.5%), Enterobacter cloacae (17.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.6%). The isolates of E. coli and S. fonticola presented diverse profiles in rep-PCR. Generally, 3GC-R strains were more resistant to antibiotics used in veterinary medicine than in human medicine. PCA derived from antibiotic resistance, motility and biofilm formation of S. fonticola and E. coli strains showed that resistance to beta-lactams was separated from the resistance to other antibiotic classes. Moreover, for the S. fonticola, E. coli and En. cloacae, the type of meat can create a specific tendency towards antibiotic resistance and phenotypic characteristics for S. fonticola, while these relationships were not found for other tested species.

Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, and Antibiotic Residue in Food from Animal Sources: One Health Food Safety Concern

“…Several previous studies from developing nations have reported findings that are essentially the same [ 32 ]. An almost identical finding of raw meat samples containing bacteria resistant to cephalosporins was made in a Polish study [ 33 ]. In addition, a study conducted in India discovered the presence of foodborne pathogens in raw milk samples [ 34 ].…”

Charakterystyka Enterobacteriales produkujących beta-laktamazy o rozszerzonym spektrum substratowych izolowanych z mięsa wieprzowego

“…Badaniem próbek mięsa w Polsce zajmowali się Rybak i wsp. [38]. Ich wyniki wskazują na różny poziom szczepów ESBL w zależności od rodzaju badanego mięsa.…”

“…Biorąc pod uwagę mięso kurcząt, w badaniach Rybak i wsp. [38] prewalencja szczepów ESBL wynosiła 33%, podczas gdy w innych krajach była z reguły wyższa. Na przykład w Bangladeszu i Korei Południowej szczepy te znaleziono aż w 70-74% próbek mięsa pochodzącego od kurcząt [40,41].…”

“…W przypadku wieprzowiny w badaniach Rybak i wsp. [38] stwierdzono udział izolatów ESBL na poziomie 24% i był to wynik podobny jak w innych krajach tj. Singapur (27%) i Korea Południowa (30%) [41,44].…”

“…Wyniki te nie są zgodne z wynikami autorów z różnych krajów [7,10,27,29,34]. Podobieństwo widoczne jest jednak w analizach mięsa pochodzącego z Polski [38].…”