Raw materials for the ceramics industry from norte de santander. I. Mineralogical, chemical and physical characterization

Effects of corundum in the development of structural, mechanical and tribological properties of raw materials for the manufacture of structural products

“…Influence of the corundum on the thermal expansion of the pieces: the clay used was a material of red tonality and of illitic-kaolinite composition with predominance of the illitic structure and abundant quartz in its crystalline structure [3], which affect the variations of size (thermal expansion) during its firing cycle and can generate some internal problems in the structure of the material; hence, the importance of studying this type of thermal expansion, which can generate defects such as distortions, problems of orthogonality, planarity and parallelism of their sides, etc., which are detrimental to the final properties of the material [11]. Fig.…”

“…Materials: the raw materials used in this research were a clay from the municipality of Zulia, Norte de Santander (Colombia) from the Guayabo formation, with red tonality, plastic texture and an illite-kaolinite structure accompanied by quartz and oxides, such as potassium oxide, generally used for the manufacture of bricks and tiles (this raw material was studied in a previous work [3]), and a residue generated in the surface abrasion resistance test for glazed tiles, with a particle size less than 75 μm. The waste used was pure corundum, 99% according to the specifications of the standard ISO 10545-7, before being used for the development of the research it was sieved by 200 mesh (75 μm), to ensure cleanliness and size.…”

“…maintaining the heating rate of 10 °C/min at two maximum temperatures of 1200 and 1250 °C without soaking; the cooling of the samples was performed inside the furnace after shutdown; this experimental design was performed at temperatures higher than those frequently used in the region (900 to 1100 ºC) in order to observe the development of the material in other applications different from those used in traditional processes. In addition, the clay material was already studied at these temperatures in a previous work [3]; in each of the conditions (wet, dry and cooked), length and mass were determined.…”

“…accompanied by quartz and high iron and potassium oxide content [3], which was mixed with corundum (aluminum oxide) of particle size less than 75 μm generated in the surface abrasion resistance test for glazed tiles [4]. This work aimed to evaluate the influence of the incorporation of up to 20% of corundum in the clay and its response in the raw part, its dry characteristics and the structural, mechanical and tribological properties, at higher temperatures than the typical ones in the manufacture of ceramic products seeking not only other uses other than the production of bricks but also opening other process windows in this industrial area in the region currently devalued, as well as finding another final disposal of this contaminated material.…”

“…In fact, if we consider the literature data of the structural characteristics in the clays when mixing them with other additives, it is emphasized that the addition of corundum equals or greatly improves any value considered, even in applications like special coatings [20]. However, it was observed that in M20 the water absorption increased but did not exceed the acceptable limit of M0 [3,21]. In addition, the results were more homogeneous as the percentage of corundum was increased, giving a better control in the sintering process [22].…”