Raw bioelectrical impedance measurements are not different between White and Black adults when matched for sex, age, BMI, and other physical characteristics

Graybeal, Austin J; Tinsley, Grant M.; Brandner, Caleb F.; Aultman, Ryan

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2023.02.003

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Although this only occurred on one occasion for HDL, it occurred on several occasions for TRG, which may have influenced our results for both TRG and MetS index . The BIS used in our study also uses specific algorithms and reference values that may differ from other devices, making it difficult compare our results with studies utilizing different bioelectrical impedance techniques (12). Finally, information regarding additional ethnicities or age groups is not available.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants. A total of 97 non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic AA young adults between the ages of 18 and 39 yr were prospectively recruited for this cross-sectional investigation, and these race groups were chosen to reduce variation within our bioelectrical impedance assessments based on previous research from our laboratory (12). Although previous research from our laboratory has demonstrated no difference in bioelectrical impedance parameters between sex-, age-, and body mass index (BMI)-matched non-Hispanic White and AA adults, racial variation in the associations between bioelectrical impedance and cardiometabolic parameters has been relatively underexplored.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bioimpedance spectroscopy. The methods used for BIS estimates have been described in detail elsewhere (12), and a summary of these methods is described hereafter.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults

GRAYBEAL,

BRANDNER,

STAVRES

2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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Purpose The purpose of this cross-sectional evaluation was to determine the associations between raw bioelectrical impedance and cardiometabolic health parameters in a sample of young non-Hispanic White and African-American adults. Methods A total of 96 (F: 52, M: 44) non-Hispanic White (n = 45) and African-American adults (n = 51) between the ages of 19 and 37 (22.7 ± 3.83 y) completed several fasted assessments including resting systolic blood pressure (rSBP), blood glucose (FBG), blood lipids, and bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy (BIS). BIS derived measurements included phase angle (PhA), bioimpedance index (BI), impedance ratio (IR), reactance index (XCi), fat-free mass (FFM), FFM index (FFMi), and absolute (a) and relative (%) total body water (TBW) and extra- (ECF) and intracellular fluid (ICF). All bioelectric variables were collected at 50 kHz other than IR (250 kHz/5 kHz). Multiple regressions were conducted and adjusted for sex, age, and BMI. Results rSBP was positively, and HDL was inversely, associated with all bioelectrical impedance and absolute hydration variables (all p ≤ 0.050) other than XCi for rSBP and XCi and FFMi for HDL. rSBP (p < 0.001) was inversely, and HDL (p = 0.034) was positively, associated with IR. FBG was positively associated with BI, XCi, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa (all p < 0.050). Metabolic syndrome severity was positively associated with BI, FFM, TBWa, and ECFa for females (all p ≤ 0.050) and with ICFa for African-American females (p = 0.016). Conclusions Given the rapid increase in the prevalence of cardiometabolic health risks among young adults and the broad use of bioelectrical impedance in practice, the conflicting associations we observed in this age group suggest that bioelectrical impedance parameters should be used with caution in the context of cardiometabolic health risks and age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults

GRAYBEAL,

BRANDNER,

STAVRES

2023

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…Body composition was assessed using bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS; SFB7, ImpediMed ® , Carlsbad, CA, United States). BIS operates by introducing an array of electrical currents through the body and measuring the body’s opposition to these currents, which can be used to estimate total body fat and fat-free mass from estimates of total body water ( Graybeal et al, 2023 ). This assessment required subjects to lay supine for ∼ 5 minutes while electrodes placed on the hands and feet (∼5 cm apart) delivered and recorded bioelectrical resistance and reactance which subsequently produced estimates of body composition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamic responses to handgrip and metaboreflex activation are exaggerated in individuals with metabolic syndrome independent of resting blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose

Stavres,

Aultman,

Brandner

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Introduction: Prior studies report conflicting evidence regarding exercise pressor and metaboreflex responses in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS).Purpose: To test the hypotheses that 1) exercise pressor and metaboreflex responses are exaggerated in MetS and 2) these differences may be explained by elevated resting blood pressure.Methods: Blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were evaluated in 26 participants (13 MetS) during 2 min of handgrip exercise followed by 3 min of post-exercise circulatory occlusion (PECO). Systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), along with HR and a cumulative blood pressure index (BPI), were compared between groups using independent samples t-tests, and analyses of covariance were used to adjust for differences in resting blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), and waist circumference (WC).Results: ΔSBP (∼78% and ∼54%), ΔMAP (∼67% and ∼55%), and BPI (∼16% and ∼20%) responses were significantly exaggerated in individuals with MetS during handgrip and PECO, respectively (all p ≤ 0.04). ΔDBP, ΔMAP, and BPI responses during handgrip remained significantly different between groups after independently covarying for resting blood pressure (p < 0.01), and after simultaneously covarying for resting blood pressure, FBG, and WC (p ≤ 0.03). Likewise, peak SBP, DBP, MAP, and BPI responses during PECO remained significantly different between groups after adjusting for resting blood pressure (p ≤ 0.03), with peak SBP, MAP, and BPI response remaining different between groups after adjusting for all three covariates simultaneously (p ≤ 0.04).Conclusion: These data suggest that exercise pressor and metaboreflex responses are significantly exaggerated in MetS independent of differences in resting blood pressure, FBG, or WC.

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Near‐infrared reactance spectroscopy‐derived visceral adipose tissue for the assessment of metabolic syndrome in a multi‐ethnic sample of young adults

Graybeal,

Brandner,

Wise

et al. 2024

American J Hum Biol

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ObjectivesVisceral adipose tissue (VAT) is highly associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is rapidly increasing in young adults. However, accessible VAT measurement methods are limited, restricting the use of VAT in early detection. This cross‐sectional study sought to determine if near‐infrared reactance spectroscopy (NIRS)‐derived VAT (VATNIRS) was associated with MetS in a multi‐ethnic sample of young adults.MethodsA total of 107 male and female (F:62, M:45) participants (age: 23.0 ± 4.3y; BMI: 27.1 ± 6.6 kg/m2) completed measurements of fasting blood pressure, blood glucose (FBG), blood lipids, and anthropometric assessments including waist circumference and VATNIRS. MetS severity (MetSindex) was calculated from the aforementioned risk factors using sex and race‐specific equations.ResultsVATNIRS was higher in participants with, and at risk for, MetS compared to those with lower risks (all p < .001). VATNIRS was positively associated with MetSindex for all groups (all p < .001). VATNIRS showed positive associations with systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), LDL‐C and LDL‐C‐related biomarkers, and FBG; and negative associations with HDL‐C and HDL‐C‐to‐total cholesterol ratio (all p < .050). Associations between VATNIRS and blood pressure for females, and LDL‐C and LDL‐C‐related biomarkers for males, were nonsignificant (all p > .050). VATNIRS was positively associated with DBP in African–American participants, and SBP in White participants, resulting in positive associations with MAP for both groups (all p < .050).ConclusionsVATNIRS is associated with MetS and individual MetS risks factors in a multi‐ethnic sample of young adults; providing a noninvasive, cost‐effective, portable, and accessible method that may assist in the early detection of MetS and other cardiometabolic abnormalities.

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Raw bioelectrical impedance measurements are not different between White and Black adults when matched for sex, age, BMI, and other physical characteristics

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults

Conflicting Associations among Bioelectrical Impedance and Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Young White and Black Adults

Hemodynamic responses to handgrip and metaboreflex activation are exaggerated in individuals with metabolic syndrome independent of resting blood pressure, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose

Near‐infrared reactance spectroscopy‐derived visceral adipose tissue for the assessment of metabolic syndrome in a multi‐ethnic sample of young adults

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