Ratios of Cadmium/Trace Element Contents in Prostate Gland as Carcinoma’s Markers

Zaichick, Vladimir

doi:10.19080/ctoij.2017.04.555626

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In our previous studies the significant involvement of Zn, Ca, Mg, Rb and some other TEs in the function of the prostate was found [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] . Moreover, it was demonstrated that the changes of Zn content and levels of Zn/TE ratio in the prostate tissue can be used as biomarkers of prostate disorders [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Zinc Concentrations in the Prostate Fluid of Normal and Inflamed Gland

Zaichick

2019

ijirms

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Background and objective: the prostate gland is subject to various disorders and of them chronic prostatitis (CP) is a complex disease. Various studies indicate some discrepancies regarding zinc (Zn) levels in prostatic fluid of normal and inflamed glands. The present study evaluated by systematic analysis the published data for Zn levels analyzed in expressed prostatic fluid (EPF) of normal and inflamed glands. Methods: The present systematic analysis included 25 studies, all of which were published in the years from 1961 to 2018 and selected by searching the databases Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, ELSEVIER-EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science. The articles were analyzed and “Median of Means” and “Range of Means” were used to examine heterogeneity of Zn concentrations in two groups of subjects – apparently healthy men “N” and patients with prostatitis “P”. Moreover, using the ratios of prostatic fluid Zn in “P” group to prostatic fluid Zn in “N” group (ZnP/ZnN) obtained (or calculated by us) in the reviewed studies, “Median of Means” and “Range of Means” for these ratios were found. The objective analysis was performed on data from the 25 studies, with total 285 subjects in “P” group and more than 900 subjects in “N” group. Results: The range of means of Zn concentration reported in the literature for normal EPF varies widely from 47.1 mg/L to 825 mg/L with median of means 501 mg/L. The range of means of Zn concentration for EPF of untreated prostatitis varies also widely from 56 mg/L to 491 mg/L, with median of means 268 mg/L. Thus, the obtained median of means for Zn concentration in normal human prostatic fluid is about two times higher than median of mean values of the element content in EPF of inflamed prostate. In other words, the analysis of 25 studies with discordant data regarding prostatic fluid concentration of Zn demonstrated that there is a significantly diminished concentration of Zn in EPF of patients with prostatitis compared to controls. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between lowered Zn concentrations in prostatic fluid and prostatitis, but because of small sample size and high data heterogeneity, we recommend other primary studies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of the Zinc Concentrations in the Prostate Fluid of Normal and Inflamed Gland

Zaichick

2019

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“…It was shown, in particular, that a special role in the development of pathological transformations of the prostate is played by disturbances in the relationship between TE in the tissue and gland secretion. Moreover, it was found that changes in the relationship between TE in prostate tissue [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] and secret [33][34][35][36][37][38][39] can be used as highly informative markers of various prostate diseases, including malignant tumors. These findings stimulated our investigations of TE relationships in thyroid tissue in normal and pathological conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between iodine and some trace elements in normal thyroid of females investigated by neutron activation analysis

Zaichick

2023

ACE

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Thyroid diseases rank second among endocrine disorders, and prevalence of the diseases is higher in the elderly as compared to the younger population. An excess or deficiency of trace element contents in thyroid play important role in goitro- and carcinogenesis of gland. The correlations with age of the ten trace element (TE) contents (Ag, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, and Zn), I/Ag, I/Co, I/Cr, I/Fe, I/Hg, I/Rb, I/Sb, I/Sc, I/Se, and I/Zn content ratios, and inter relationships between TE contents and I/TE content ratios in normal thyroid of 33 females (age range 3.5–87 years) was investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Our data reveal that the Co, Rb, Sb, Se, and Zn content increase, while the I/Co content ratio decrease in the normal thyroid of female during a lifespan. Therefore, a goitrogenic and tumorogenic effect of excessive Co, Rb, Sb, Se, and Zn level in the thyroid of old males and of disturbance in intrathyroidal I/Co relationships with increasing age may be assumed. Furthermore, it was found that the levels of Ag, Co, Cr, Fe, Hg, Rb, Sb, Se, and Zn in the thyroid gland are interconnected and depend on the content of I in it. Because I plays a decisive role in the function of the thyroid gland, the data obtained allow us to conclude that, along with I, at least such TEs as Co, Cr, Fe, Rb, Sb, Se, and Zn, if not directly, then indirectly, are involved in the process of thyroid hormone synthesis.

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“…4 In our previous studies the significant involvement of zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), rubidium (Rb) and some other main electrolytes (MEs) and trace elements (TEs) in the normal physiology of the prostate was found. It was also found a great deformation of chemical element concentrations in affected prostate and was demonstrated that the changes of some MEs and TEs content, as well as levels of some ME/TE ratios in the prostate tissue can be used as the biomarkers of prostate diseases, [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] and global environmental contamination. 42 Moreover, it was shown that levels of some MEs and TEs in prostate tissue play a very important role in carcinogenesis of the gland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of the main electrolytes concentrations in the prostate fluid of normal gland

Zaichick¹

2019

JAPLR

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Several studies have reported the MEs content in EPF of normal and affected gland. [71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78] However, further investigation has been considered necessary to provide clearer hypothesis about the role of MEs in etiology and pathogenesis of prostate disorders, because the findings of various studies indicate some discrepancies. The present study addresses the significance of prostatic fluid Ca, Cl, K, Mg, and Na levels as biomarker. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the available literature and performed a statistical analysis of Ca, Cl, K, Mg, and Na concentration in EPF of normal gland, which may shed valuable insight into the etiology and diagnosis of prostate disorders.

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Ratios of Cadmium/Trace Element Contents in Prostate Gland as Carcinoma’s Markers

Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate whether significant changes in the levels of ratios Cd/trace element contents exist in the malignantly transformed prostate. Contents of Cd and other 42 trace elements (Ag,

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

A Systematic Review of the Zinc Concentrations in the Prostate Fluid of Normal and Inflamed Gland

A Systematic Review of the Zinc Concentrations in the Prostate Fluid of Normal and Inflamed Gland

Relationships between iodine and some trace elements in normal thyroid of females investigated by neutron activation analysis

A systematic review of the main electrolytes concentrations in the prostate fluid of normal gland

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