Rationalizing the Approach to Mitigate Soldier Physical Burden:

Bossi, Linda; Tack, David W.; Keefe, Allan; Karakolis, Thomas; Jones, Monica

doi:10.2307/j.ctv10kmf9m.10

Cited by 4 publications

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“…We also monitored the weight change of the fabrics and observed a 122% increase for the Janus layer in comparison to only a 31% increase for the double-layered design. The burden (total weight carried) of the wearer is a major contributor to overall discomfort and performance degradation, 21 and therefore the four-times lower weight-gain observed for the double-layered design is quite promising. With the additional improvement of air permeability, it is apparent that the double-layered design provides enhanced comfort as compared to a traditional Janus fabric.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-engineered double-layered fabrics for continuous, passive fluid transport

et al. 2023

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface-engineered double-layered fabrics for continuous, passive fluid transport

et al. 2023

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“…The simple function of physical measurement is to provide an overview of a person's physical condition (Gupta, 2012). During training and war, soldiers have to carry heavy war equipment plus logistics for life's necessities (Bossi et al, 2020). A fit physical condition is a must for Indonesian Air Force soldiers.…”

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Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Endurance, Abdominal Muscle Strength and Arm Muscle Strength in Indonesian Air Force Soldiers at Adi Soemarmo Air Field

WING SUKARNO et al.

2023

RLJ

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Soldiers should always keep their physical condition in good order. Cardiorespiratory endurance, abdominal muscle strength and arm muscle strength are important aspects that support soldier performance. Cardiorespiratory endurance is important to ensure soldiers can work according to the targeted duration. Good abdominal muscle strength supports soldiers to minimize back pain. Soldiers often had to carry heavy loads in backpacks that had to be carried a certain distance and duration. Soldiers are also confirmed to undergo shooting drills. Withstanding the recoil requires good arm muscle strength. Arm muscle strength determines the number of shots that are limited because it relates to how often you hold the recoil. High Intesity Interval Training (HIIT) is conducted so that soldiers get improvements in these three aspects. The training process is carried out within a span of 8 weeks. Based on the results of the paired t-test, it is known that there is an effect of HIIT on the three research variables. This is based on Sig. <0.005 which indicates that Ha is accepted.

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Comparison of In-service Reduced vs. Full Torso Coverage Armor for Females

Wendland

Bossi

Nakaza³

et al. 2023

Military Medicine

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Introduction Body armor and torso-borne equipment are critical to the survivability and operational effectiveness of a soldier. Historically, in-service designs have been predominantly designed for males or unisex, which may be disadvantageous for females who are shaped differently and, on average, smaller in stature and mass than their male counterparts. This study assesses the biomechanical and performance impact of two Canadian in-service armors and fighting load conditions on females. Materials and Methods Four tasks (i.e., range of motion, treadmill march [×2], and a wall obstacle) were performed in a Baseline condition and two in-service torso-borne equipment conditions; the full torso coverage (FTC) condition has full upper torso soft armor with the fighting load carried in a separate vest, while the reduced coverage (RC) has a plate carrier with fighting load integrated into the armor carrier, bulk positioned higher, and less torso coverage. Both used identical combat loads and front and back armor plates. Trunk range of motion, march lower limb kinematics, march shoulder and hip skin pressures, perceived discomfort after the march, and time to traverse a wall obstacle were captured. Data were collected to assess the biomechanics and usability of the systems for eight females, representative of military recruits. Linear mixed-effects models were created, and analysis of variances (ANOVAs) were then performed on all the outcome measures (P < .05). Tukey’s post-hoc procedures were performed when appropriate (P < .05). Results There were significant differences between the RC and FTC for the sit and reach test (P < .001), lateral bend test (P < .001), and wall traverse time (P < .01). In all cases, the RC outperformed FTC. There were no differences between the two in-service conditions with respect to hip, knee, and ankle flexion/extension. The RC average skin pressure was higher than the FTC at the left and right shoulders by 103% and 79%, respectively, and peak skin pressure at the left shoulder by 75%. Both in-service conditions showed decrements in performance from Baseline for sit and reach (P < .001), lateral bend (P < .001), and peak hip and knee flexion (P < .01) with the FTC showing decreases in trunk rotation (P < .001) and wall traverse time (P < .01). Conclusions Improved outcomes for the RC can be attributed to design differences. The lower placement of bulk in FTC may act as a physical barrier during range of motion tasks and the wall obstacle. The presence of shoulder caps on FTC provides another physical barrier that likely impedes full movement through the arms and shoulders. While the narrower shoulder straps of the RC remove the barrier, it causes more concentrated skin pressures on the shoulder that can lead to injury. The results suggest that the RC offers a potential for increased operational effectiveness in females (and potentially for males) compared to the FTC system. Shoulder pressure, an important predictor of discomfort and injury, is the only measure for which FTC outperformed the RC. Future torso-borne equipment designs targeting this outcome measure could help increase the effectiveness of the RC and other similar systems that reduce torso coverage, though survivability implications must also be considered.

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Rationalizing the Approach to Mitigate Soldier Physical Burden:

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Surface-engineered double-layered fabrics for continuous, passive fluid transport

Surface-engineered double-layered fabrics for continuous, passive fluid transport

Effect of High Intensity Interval Training on Cardiorespiratory Endurance, Abdominal Muscle Strength and Arm Muscle Strength in Indonesian Air Force Soldiers at Adi Soemarmo Air Field

Comparison of In-service Reduced vs. Full Torso Coverage Armor for Females

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