Abstract:The National Cancer Institute (NCI) developed the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) to monitor population trends in cancer communication practices, information preferences, health risk behaviors, attitudes, and cancer knowledge. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognized HINTS as a unique data resource for informing its health communication endeavors and partnered with NCI to field HINTS-FDA 2015. HINTS-FDA 2015 was a self-administered paper instrument sent by mail May 29 to Septemb… Show more
“…39 More information about the HINTS-FDA
2015 data collection and response rate have been published elsewhere. 30 Recent methodological research
suggests that the potential for bias resulting from declining response rates may
be less significant than previously assumed. 40–42 …”
Introduction
Harm perceptions about tobacco products may influence initiation,
continued use, and cessation efforts. We assessed associations between adult
traditional tobacco product use and absolute harm perceptions of traditional
and alternative tobacco products. We also described the topics individuals
looked for during their last search for information, their beliefs about
chemicals in cigarettes/cigarette smoke, and how both relate to harm
perceptions.
Methods
We ran multivariable models with jackknife replicate weights to
analyze data from the 2015 administration of the National Cancer
Institute’s Health Information National Trends Survey
(N=3376).
Results
Compared to never users, individuals reported lower perceived levels
of harm for products they use. Among current tobacco users, ethnicity,
thinking about chemicals in tobacco, and information-seeking were all
factors associated with tobacco product harm perceptions. In the full
sample, some respondents reported searching for information about health
effects and cessation and held misperceptions about the source of chemicals
in tobacco.
Conclusions
This study fills a gap in the literature by assessing the absolute
harm perceptions of a variety of traditional and alternative tobacco
products. Harm perceptions vary among tobacco products, and the relationship
among tobacco use, information seeking, thoughts about chemicals in tobacco
products, and harm perceptions is complex. Data suggest that some
individuals search for information about health effects and cessation and
hold misperceptions about chemicals in tobacco products. Future inquiry
could seek to understand the mechanisms that contribute to forming harm
perceptions and beliefs about chemicals in tobacco products.
“…39 More information about the HINTS-FDA
2015 data collection and response rate have been published elsewhere. 30 Recent methodological research
suggests that the potential for bias resulting from declining response rates may
be less significant than previously assumed. 40–42 …”
Introduction
Harm perceptions about tobacco products may influence initiation,
continued use, and cessation efforts. We assessed associations between adult
traditional tobacco product use and absolute harm perceptions of traditional
and alternative tobacco products. We also described the topics individuals
looked for during their last search for information, their beliefs about
chemicals in cigarettes/cigarette smoke, and how both relate to harm
perceptions.
Methods
We ran multivariable models with jackknife replicate weights to
analyze data from the 2015 administration of the National Cancer
Institute’s Health Information National Trends Survey
(N=3376).
Results
Compared to never users, individuals reported lower perceived levels
of harm for products they use. Among current tobacco users, ethnicity,
thinking about chemicals in tobacco, and information-seeking were all
factors associated with tobacco product harm perceptions. In the full
sample, some respondents reported searching for information about health
effects and cessation and held misperceptions about the source of chemicals
in tobacco.
Conclusions
This study fills a gap in the literature by assessing the absolute
harm perceptions of a variety of traditional and alternative tobacco
products. Harm perceptions vary among tobacco products, and the relationship
among tobacco use, information seeking, thoughts about chemicals in tobacco
products, and harm perceptions is complex. Data suggest that some
individuals search for information about health effects and cessation and
hold misperceptions about chemicals in tobacco products. Future inquiry
could seek to understand the mechanisms that contribute to forming harm
perceptions and beliefs about chemicals in tobacco products.
Beliefs about the relative harmfulness of one product compared to another (perceived relative harm) are central to research and regulation concerning tobacco and nicotine-containing products, but techniques for measuring such beliefs vary widely. We compared the validity of direct and indirect measures of perceived harm of e-cigarettes and smokeless tobacco (SLT) compared to cigarettes. On direct measures, participants explicitly compare the harmfulness of each product. On indirect measures, participants rate the harmfulness of each product separately, and ratings are compared. The U.S. Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-FDA-2015; N=3738) included direct measures of perceived harm of e-cigarettes and SLT compared to cigarettes. Indirect measures were created by comparing ratings of harm from e-cigarettes, SLT, and cigarettes on 3-point scales. Logistic regressions tested validity by assessing whether direct and indirect measures were associated with criterion variables including: ever-trying e-cigarettes, ever-trying snus, and SLT use status. Compared to the indirect measures, the direct measures of harm were more consistently associated with criterion variables. On direct measures, 26% of adults rated e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes, and 11% rated SLT as less harmful than cigarettes. Direct measures appear to provide valid information about individuals’ harm beliefs, which may be used to inform research and tobacco control policy. Further validation research is encouraged.
“…The initiative leveraged items and data from several national health-related surveys, including NCI's Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). NCI developed the HINTS program (8)(9)(10) to monitor national population trends in cancer communication practices, information preferences, risk behaviors, attitudes, and cancer knowledge. HINTS provides unique population data on changing patterns, needs, and information opportunities in health; identifies changing health communication trends and practices; assesses cancer information access and usage; and provides information about how cancer risks are perceived.…”
In May 2016, the NCI announced supplemental funding for NCI-Designated Cancer Centers to conduct research to better characterize populations within cancer center catchment areas. The initiative was intended to support primary data collection efforts to better define and describe cancer center catchment areas using a multilevel population health framework. The long-term goal was to facilitate collaborations in which researchers, providers, public health practitioners, and nonprofit organizations could utilize the data to develop or expand applied cancer control research, planning, and implementation, with an emphasis on local health disparities and communication inequalities. This CEBP Focus issue on "Population Health Assessment in Cancer Center Catchment Areas" highlights the results from those catchment area data collection efforts. Articles highlight research from surveys conducted to define and describe cancer center catchment areas using both probability and nonprobability designs and a variety of sampling techniques, survey modes, and data linkages. Some articles report pooled analyses of data collected by multiple cancer centers to highlight local versus national comparisons based on standardized behavioral and demographic measures. Others examine rural-urban differences in measures relevant to cancer prevention and control. The studies published in this Focus will provide the field with a myriad of methodologic approaches for defining and describing cancer center catchment areas.
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