Rationale for Promoting Physical Activity Among Cancer Survivors: Literature Review and Epidemiologic Examination

Loprinzi, Paul D.; Lee, Hyo

doi:10.1188/14.onf.117-125

Cited by 49 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…[5][6][7][8][9] There is also emerging evidence that exercise can reduce recurrence and mortality in some cancer populations. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Despite these benefits of exercise, there is a lack of evidence on the safety and efficacy of exercise in relation to dose. 6,17 The ideal mode and intensity of exercise for people with cancer is unclear, and exercise guidelines are based largely on expert clinical opinion and adaptations of guidelines for healthy people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Moderate-intensity exercise reduces fatigue and improves mobility in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-regression

Dennett

Peiris

Shields

et al. 2016

Journal of Physiotherapy

140

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Moderate-intensity exercise reduces fatigue and improves mobility in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-regression

Dennett

Peiris

Shields

et al. 2016

Journal of Physiotherapy

140

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“…10 Thus it may become even more beneficial to survivors to exercise after treatment than it was pre-diagnosis. For example, cardio-pulmonary gains from exercise are especially significant for survivors who have undergone chemotherapy and may be at risk for cardio-pulmonary toxicities and aerobic capacity decline.…”

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confidence: 99%

Exploration of Exercise Outcome Expectations Among Breast Cancer Survivors

et al. 2017

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Background Exercise is associated with decreased recurrence risk, improved survival and quality of life for breast cancer survivors. However only an estimated 17% - 37% of survivors adhere to the American Cancer Society exercise guidelines. A critical first step to increase exercise among survivors is to understand how they believe exercise will effect them. Objective To explore common exercise outcome expectations among 20 female survivors of stage IA – IIB breast cancer who completed adjuvant treatment and an exercise intervention. Interventions/Methods A mixed-method descriptive study consisting of semi-structured telephone interviews assessed exercise outcome expectations and how the experience of cancer and its treatment influenced expected outcomes of exercise. The qualitative data were analyzed using a summative content analysis procedure; means were calculated for each item of the exercise outcome questionnaire. The qualitative and quantitative data were compared and contrasted. Results The sample was 70% Caucasian and 30% African American with a mean age was 62 years (± 8.5) and average time since treatment completion of 4.2 years (± 1.3). Three themes emerged from the interviews: 1) prevalence of common expectations, 2) pervasive impact of fatigue, and 3) a brighter future. Overall, findings revealed that breast cancer survivors have low levels of agreement that exercise may mitigate late and long-term cancer and treatment effects. Conclusions In general, breast cancer survivors (even those who are motivated to exercise) do not hold strong beliefs that exercise will decrease late and long-term treatment effects. Implications for Practice Clinicians can educate survivors about exercise benefits.

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“…In addition, several reviews and meta‐analyses have demonstrated that physical activity is associated with a lower risk of death, all‐cause mortality, and cancer recurrence, particularly among breast and colorectal cancer survivors 18 – 20 . Physical activity also reduces other comorbid chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease 11 , 21 . Despite this evidence, it is estimated that <10% of cancer survivors will be active during treatments and only 20%−30% will be active after treatments 22 , 23 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Cancer Survivorship

2014

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There has been an increase in the cancer survivor population in the United States over the past several decades primarily due to improvements in early detection of first malignancies and effective treatment modalities. A wealth of evidence has demonstrated that regular physical activity is associated with a lower risk of death, all-cause mortality, cancer recurrence, and several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, common comorbid conditions in people who have survived cancer. Physical activity also is a central component of weight management. Methods This review summarizes the current physical activity recommendations and the evidence linking physical activity to improvements in weight management, physiological effects, and psychological health outcomes for cancer survivors. Results The available literature suggests physical activity is safe and is positively associated with weight management, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance, quality of life, fatigue, and other psychosocial factors in cancer survivors. Yet relationships related to specific cancer diagnoses, treatments, and underlying cardiometabolic mechanisms associated with survival have not been thoroughly examined in randomized controlled trials. Furthermore, factors that influence adherence to physical activity behaviors must be identified to develop effective exercise programs. The use of objective measures of physical activity and the standardization of reporting outcome measures within intervention trials are needed to complement this effort. Conclusions Healthcare providers should consider individual differences among cancer survivors and tailor physical activity programs to meet the individual needs of the patient to assist in the adoption and maintenance of a physically active lifestyle.

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Rationale for Promoting Physical Activity Among Cancer Survivors: Literature Review and Epidemiologic Examination

Abstract: Nurses are encouraged to promote physical activity in cancer survivors.

Cited by 49 publications

References 60 publications

Moderate-intensity exercise reduces fatigue and improves mobility in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-regression

Moderate-intensity exercise reduces fatigue and improves mobility in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-regression

Exploration of Exercise Outcome Expectations Among Breast Cancer Survivors

Physical Activity and Cancer Survivorship

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