Rationale for 1068 nm Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) as a Novel, Non-Invasive Treatment for COVID-19 and Other Coronaviruses: Roles of NO and Hsp70

Kitchen, Lydia C.; Berman, Marvin H; Halper, James P.; Chazot, Paul L.

doi:10.3390/ijms23095221

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…Sometimes researchers used a combined approach, inducing HSR and administering recHsp70, for example, to treat diseases such as diabetes mellitus [137]. It is noteworthy to mention in this regard the results of Lydia Kitchen, who used photobiomodulation therapy (irradiation by 1060-1080 nm light), a noninvasive method of modulating Hsp70 and nitric oxide (NO) levels to treat infection in the case of COVID-19 and other coronaviruses [152], and the application of selective Hsp70 induction in the treatment of ultra-rare neuromuscular dis-order GNE myopathy [134]. Along these lines, a specific low molecular weight inducer of Hsp70 ("KD-23") exhibited a therapeutic effect in a cellular model of craniocerebral injury [153].…”

Section: Experimental Modulation Of Endogenous Hsp70 Levels For Thera...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Hsp70 in Adaptation to Adverse Conditions and Its Possible Medical Application

Evgen’ev¹,

Onikienko²,

Chuvakova³

et al. 2023

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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In the present era of global warming and dramatically increased environmental pollution posing a threat to animal life, the understanding and manipulation of organisms' resources of stress tolerance is apparently a question of survival. Heat stress and other forms of stressful factors induce a highly organized response of organisms at the cellular level where heat shock proteins (Hsps) and in particular Hsp70 family of chaperones are among the major players in the protection from the environmental challenge. The present review article summarizes the peculiarities of the Hsp70 family of proteins protective functions being a result of many millions of years of adaptive evolution. It discusses the molecular structure and specific details of hsp70 gene regulation in various organisms, living in diverse climatic zones, with a special emphasis on the protective role of Hsp70 in adverse conditions of the environment. The review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying Hsp70-specific properties that emerged in the course of adaptation to harsh environmental conditions. This review also includes the data on the anti-inflammatory role of Hsp70 and the involvement of endogenous and recombinant Hsp70 (recHsp70) in proteostatic machinery in various pathologies including neurodegenerative ones such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases in rodent model organisms and humans in vivo and in vitro. Specifically, the role of Hsp70 as an indicator of disease type and severity and the use of recHsp70 in several pathologies are discussed. The review discusses different roles exhibited by Hsp70 in various diseases including the dual and sometimes antagonistic role of this chaperone in various forms of cancer and viral infection including the SARS-Cov-2 case. Since Hsp70 apparently plays an important role in many diseases and pathologies and has significant therapeutic potential there is a dire need to develop cheap recombinant Hsp70 production and further investigate the interaction of externally supplied and endogenous Hsp70 in chaperonotherapy.

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Section: Experimental Modulation Of Endogenous Hsp70 Levels For Thera...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Hsp70 in Adaptation to Adverse Conditions and Its Possible Medical Application

Evgen’ev¹,

Onikienko²,

Chuvakova³

et al. 2023

Front. Biosci. (Landmark Ed)

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“…Moreover, a recent review conducted by Kitchen et al [18] highlighted the efficacy of 1068 nm PBM therapy on cytoprotection, NO release, inflammation changes, blood flow improvement and heat shock proteins (Hsp70) regulation alongside Hsp90 and Hsp27. This was well‐documented on rat and mouse microglial cells through Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR‐4) activation [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can photobiomodulation restore anosmia and ageusia induced by COVID‐19? A pilot clinical study

Panhóca

Ferreira

Souza

et al. 2023

Journal of Biophotonics

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Along with other COVID-19 clinical manifestations, management of both olfactory and gustatory dysfunction have drawn a considerable attention. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged to be a possible effective therapy in restoring taste and smell functionality, but the evidence is scarce. Hence, the present pilot study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intranasal and intraoral PBM administrations in management of anosmia and ageusia respectively. Twenty Caucasian subjects who diagnosed with anosmia and ageusia were recruited. Visual analogue scale was utilised to evaluate patients' self-reported for both olfactory and gustatory functionality. The laser-PBM parameters and treatment protocols for anosmia and ageusia were as follows respectively: 660 nm, 100 mW, two points intranasally, 60 J/session, 12 sessions; dual wavelengths (660 nm and 808 nm), 100 mW, three points intraorally, 216 J/session, 12 sessions. Our results showed a significant functionality improvement of both olfactory and gustatory functionality. Extensive studies with large data and long-term follow-up period are warranted.

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“…These efforts were pioneered by Russian scientists in 1981 and other scientists have now documented cardiovascular and other organ system benefits [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ], including optimized immunological response [ 56 , 57 , 58 ], increased erythrocyte deformability [ 59 ], improved endothelial function [ 60 , 61 ] and reduced thrombocyte aggregation [ 62 ] with improved tissue oxygenation [ 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. All of these multi-system PBM effects may be highly beneficial in the context of COVID-19 disease [ 61 , 67 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Approach of Combining Methylene Blue Photodynamic Inactivation, Photobiomodulation and Oral Ingested Methylene Blue in COVID-19 Management: A Pilot Clinical Study with 12-Month Follow-Up

et al. 2022

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus was first recognized in late 2019 and remains a significant threat. We therefore assessed the use of local methylene blue photodynamic viral inactivation (MB-PDI) in the oral and nasal cavities, in combination with the systemic anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions of orally ingested methylene blue (MB) and photobiomodulation (PBM) for COVID-19 disease. The proposed protocol leverages the separate and combined effects of MB and 660nm red light emitted diode (LED) to comprehensively address the pathophysiological sequelae of COVID-19. A total of eight pilot subjects with COVID-19 disease were treated in the Bahamas over the period June 2021–August 2021, using a remote care program that was developed for this purpose. Although not a pre-requisite for inclusion, none of the subjects had received any COVID-19 vaccination prior to commencing the study. Clinical outcome assessment tools included serial cycle threshold measurements as a surrogate estimate of viral load; serial online questionnaires to document symptom response and adverse effects; and a one-year follow-up survey to assess long-term outcomes. All subjects received MB-PDI to target the main sites of viral entry in the nose and mouth. This was the central component of the treatment protocol with the addition of orally ingested MB and/or PBM based on clinical requirements. The mucosal surfaces were irradiated with 660 nm LED in a continuous emission mode at energy density of 49 J/cm2 for PDI and 4.9 J/cm2 for PBM. Although our pilot subjects had significant co-morbidities, extremely high viral loads and moderately severe symptoms during the Delta phase of the pandemic, the response to treatment was highly encouraging. Rapid reductions in viral loads were observed and negative PCR tests were documented within a median of 4 days. These laboratory findings occurred in parallel with significant clinical improvement, mostly within 12–24 h of commencing the treatment protocol. There were no significant adverse effects and none of the subjects who completed the protocol required in-patient hospitalization. The outcomes were similarly encouraging at one-year follow-up with virtual absence of “long COVID” symptoms or of COVID-19 re-infection. Our results indicate that the protocols may be a safe and promising approach to challenging COVID-19 disease. Moreover, due its broad spectrum of activity, this approach has the potential to address the prevailing and future COVID-19 variants and other infections transmitted via the upper respiratory tract. Extensive studies with a large cohort are warranted to validate our results.

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Rationale for 1068 nm Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) as a Novel, Non-Invasive Treatment for COVID-19 and Other Coronaviruses: Roles of NO and Hsp70

Cited by 13 publications

References 119 publications

The Role of Hsp70 in Adaptation to Adverse Conditions and Its Possible Medical Application

The Role of Hsp70 in Adaptation to Adverse Conditions and Its Possible Medical Application

Can photobiomodulation restore anosmia and ageusia induced by COVID‐19? A pilot clinical study

A Novel Approach of Combining Methylene Blue Photodynamic Inactivation, Photobiomodulation and Oral Ingested Methylene Blue in COVID-19 Management: A Pilot Clinical Study with 12-Month Follow-Up

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