Rationale and Standards of Evidence in Evidence‐Based Practice

Mudford, Oliver C.; McNeill, R; Walton, Lisa; Phillips, Katrina

doi:10.1002/9781118156391.ebcp001001

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Fremveksten av evidensbevegelsen har skapt mye debatt og polemikk (f.eks. Goodheart, Kazdin, & Sternberg, 2006;Lilienfeld, Ritschel, Lynn, Cautin, & Latzman, 2013;Mudford, McNeil, Walton, & Phillips, 2012;Ogden, 2010aOgden, , 2012a. Noe av temperaturen i debatten skyldes nok gjensidige misforståelser og tendenser til å tillegge hverandre synspunkter, men debatten representerer også reell uenighet om alt fra verdisyn, begrepsbruk, vitenskapssyn og epistemologiske posisjoner, oppfatninger om hva som er virksomt i terapi, hva som skal styre utforming av tjenestetilbudet for befolkningen og relasjonen mellom forsking og behandling, for å nevne noe.…”

Section: Evidensdebattenunclassified

“…For en mer detaljert historisk bakgrunn for utviklingen av den evidensbaserte tradisjonen internasjonalt og i Norge vises det f.eks. til Rønnestad (2008), rapporten fra APA om evidensbasert praksis (2006), Ogden (2010a, 2012a), Lonigan, Elbert og Johnson (1998) og Mudford et al (2012). Når det gjelder dette perspektivet innenfor klinisk barne-og ungdomspsykologi vises det til f.eks.…”

Section: Evidensdebattenunclassified

“…Plasseringen i hierarkiet vil bl.a. vaere avhengig av forskningsdesignet og måten studien ble gjennomført på, og tar utgangspunkt i hvordan bevis-eller forklaringsstyrken til ulike forskningsdesign blir vurdert (Goodheart, 2006;Mudford et al, 2012). På toppen av dette hierarkiet finner en:1) metaanalyser av randomiserte kontrollerte studier (RCT-studier) med definitive resultater, deretter 2) enkeltstående RCT-studier med definitive resultater, 3) RCT-studier med uklare resultater, 4) kohort-studier, 5) studier med kasuskontroll, 6) kryss-seksjonale studier og nederst 7) kasusstudier.…”

Section: Krav Til Forskning Og Status Som Evidensstøttet Behandlingunclassified

“…Tankegangen om evidensbasert eller evidensstøttet praksis har sine røtter innen medisin (Lilienfeld et al, 2013;Mudford et al, 2012;Sackett, Rosenberg, Gray, Haynes, & Richardson, 1996). Bevegelsen skjøt fart på 1990-tallet, da stadig flere fremtredende medisinere argumenterte for at medisinsk praksis trengte grundigere forankring i vitenskapelig evidens (Lilienfeld et al, 2013).…”

Section: Evidensbasert Psykologisk Praksisunclassified

“…Slike studier anses for å vaere et nødvendig, men ikke et tilstrekkelig grunnlag for EBPP. Med det best tilgjengelige forskningsgrunnlaget menes vitenskapelige resultater knyttet til intervensjonsstrategier, kartlegging, kliniske problemer og pasientpopulasjoner både i laboratoriet og i en klinisk setting, så vel som klinisk relevante resultater fra grunnforskning og relaterte områder (APA Presidental task force on evidence-based practice, 2006; Mudford et al, 2012). Andre forskningsområder, metoder og design kan altså bidra til evidensgrunnlaget for EBPP, men studier som har en metodologi som tilfredsstillende indre og ytre validitet har likevel forrang.…”

Section: Evidensbasert Psykologisk Praksisunclassified

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Early Initiatives for Children at Risk—Development of a Program for the Prevention and Treatment of Behavior Problems in Primary Services

2013

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During the past decade, Norwegian authorities have initiated and funded a project to scale up the use of evidence-based programs for the prevention and treatment of conduct problems in children. The first step in this process was to increase treatment competence by implementing the Parent Management Training-Oregon Model (PMTO) in specialist services for children. The second step was to develop the program Early Initiatives for Children at Risk (Norwegian acronym, TIBIR), designed to identify children with possible conduct problems as early as possible and to offer tailored interventions as part of the ordinary primary services for children in individual municipalities. The theoretical rationale and practical considerations leading to the design of TIBIR are presented, together with the program modules and current research activities. Some of the challenges concerning the program's ability to reach various risk groups are discussed, as are the challenges encountered regarding quality assurance and fidelity maintenance. Finally, some future research questions are presented and discussed.

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Section: Evidensdebattenunclassified

Section: Krav Til Forskning Og Status Som Evidensstøttet Behandlingunclassified

Section: Evidensbasert Psykologisk Praksisunclassified

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Early Initiatives for Children at Risk—Development of a Program for the Prevention and Treatment of Behavior Problems in Primary Services

2013

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Family-focused therapy following traumatic brain injury

Hunt¹

2012

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) can result in a variety of physical, cognitive, behavioural, and social changes for the survivor, which in turn impact on the lives of family members, relationships within families and family systems as whole. Traditionally, services have focused on the rehabilitation of the individual, but more recently there has been increased attention given to the provision of support and intervention for other family members. The present study describes family-focused therapy with five families, including the problems families encountered, how these were addressed in therapy, therapy outcomes and challenges therapists experienced. Therapy drew on a variety of models including behavioural therapy, family systems therapy and narrative therapy. Nine themes relating to issues experienced by families were identified, including: difficulties experienced were unexpected; increased anger, irritation and outbursts; challenges within marital relationships; family discord; changes to parenting and parent/child relationships; lack of motivation; lack of understanding from others; grief and loss; and negative experiences with helping professions. A varied approach to therapeutic intervention was required in order to accommodate the diversity of these issues. Analysis of standardized questionnaires revealed improvement on measures following therapy, with some deterioration at follow-up. Family members were generally satisfied with the service based on feedback questionnaires. Benefits of therapy described by families included having the space to talk and listen, survivors gaining increased insight, increased understanding from others, gaining increased acceptance, and the benefits of having professional input. The therapists identified a number of clinical and service-level challenges, but concluded that family-focused therapy can be a useful addition to the rehabilitation process following TBI.

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Career Counselling Effectiveness and Contributing Factors

Whiston¹

2020

The Oxford Handbook of Career Development

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This chapter explores the research related to whether career counselling is effective for individuals with vocational issues. In particular, there is considerable empirical support for career counselling related to career choice issues and searching for employment. Hence, practitioners can use this evidence to convince administrators, policymakers, parents, students, and other constituencies of the worth of career counselling. In addition, the chapter provides empirical evidence that practitioners can use to improve their effectiveness in working with people with career issues. This discussion mainly focuses on the results from older and newer meta-analyses regarding the ingredients that have a significant influence on effect sizes or the critical ingredients in career counselling. For example, there is considerable evidence that support from individuals, including the counsellor, may play an important role in the effectiveness of career counselling. Other factors that contribute to effective practice are also identified and discussed. The chapter further explores the need for additional research that addresses the most effective methods for providing career counselling. As the world of work becomes increasingly complex, it is important that researchers continue to explore the most effective strategies for assisting people in finding satisfying, meaningful, and productive work.

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Rationale and Standards of Evidence in Evidence‐Based Practice

Cited by 4 publications

References 72 publications

Early Initiatives for Children at Risk—Development of a Program for the Prevention and Treatment of Behavior Problems in Primary Services

Early Initiatives for Children at Risk—Development of a Program for the Prevention and Treatment of Behavior Problems in Primary Services

Family-focused therapy following traumatic brain injury

Career Counselling Effectiveness and Contributing Factors

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