“…Studies into the use of gamification for obesity and weight control are generally related to training or education (Sousa et al , 2019a, 2019b; Holzmann et al , 2019; Azevedo et al , 2019; Belogianni et al , 2019; Dassen et al , 2018; Van Lippevelde et al , 2016; González et al , 2016; Block et al , 2015) and physical activities (Hammedi et al , 2017; Patel et al , 2019; Edney et al , 2019; Fortunato et al , 2019; Sanders et al , 2019; Fang et al , 2019; Ahn et al , 2019; Harrison et al , 2019; Kurtzman et al , 2018; Mitchell et al , 2017; Van Mierlo et al , 2016) or both (Sanders et al , 2019; Timpel et al , 2018; Knight et al , 2018) and most of the studies use self-monitoring. Besides these, studies suggesting that gamification can actively encourage healthy dietary preferences are limited and are mostly associated with healthy nutrition education, ignoring external factors (such as promotion) that affect healthy dietary preferences.…”