Highly efficient and eco-friendly thermoelectric generators
rely
on low-cost and nontoxic semiconductors with high symmetry and ultralow
lattice thermal conductivity κL. We report the rational
synthesis of the novel cubic (Ag, Se)-doped Cu2GeTe3 semiconductors. A localized symmetry breakdown (LSB) was
found in the composition of Cu1.9Ag0.1GeTe1.5Se1.5 (i.e., CAGTS15) with an ultralow κL of 0.37 W/mK at 723 K, the lowest value outperforming all
Cu2GeCh3 (Ch = S, Se, and Te). A joint investigation
of synchrotron X-ray techniques identifies the LSB embedded into the
cubic CAGTS15 host matrix. This LSB is an Ångström-scale
orthorhombic symmetry unit, characteristic of multiple bond lengths,
large anisotropic atomic displacements, and distinct local chemical
coordination of anions. Computational results highlight that such
an unusual orthorhombic symmetry demonstrates low-frequency phonon
modes, which become softer and more predominant with increasing temperatures.
This unconventional LSB promotes bond complexity and phonon scattering,
highly beneficial for extraordinarily low lattice thermal conductivity.