Rational design of favourite lithium-ion cathode materials as electrodes for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells

Recent advances in electrode material for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells and way forward sustainability based on local mineral resources

“…From another perspective, there is more potential and promising SSOFC materials emerged when the non‐parallel comparison is made. For instance, LNCM 111 displayed a remarkably lower ASR value, when compared to the popular cathode, LSCF 149 . In terms of P max , LCFPd‐infiltrated SDC also demonstrated much greater value when compared to the conventional SOFC consisting of Ni‐SDC anode and BSCF cathode 112 …”

“…Recently, lithiated nickel oxide has gained interest of being electrode in SSOFCs, owing to its excellent chemical, physical, and thermal stability in oxidation and reduction 15,184 . For instance, Wang et al 111 fabricated lithium‐ion cathode material, Li(Ni 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 )O 2 (LNCM), which has the same crystal structure as Ni 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 LiO 2−δ (NCAL) as agreed by He et al, 185 where the NCAL was proven to demonstrate good electrochemical performance at low‐temperature SSOFC application 186‐188 . Both are common cathode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, which belong to the ABO 2 ‐type oxide family 189 and deliver good catalytic activity for the ORR and HOR 111,190 …”

“…[186][187][188] Both are common cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, which belong to the ABO 2 -type oxide family 189 and deliver good catalytic activity for the ORR and HOR. 111,190 Nanoscale engineering of surface and interfaces is often related as a strategy for SOFC cell components to tackle two main challenges which are maximising the kinetics electrode reaction and suppressing the long-term cell degradation during operation which can also be an approach to the electrodes of SSOFC. 143 Nanomaterials and related nanotechnologies have gotten a lot of attention because they improve cell performance by lowering cell polarisation resistance, 139 controlling the microstructure for SOFC, 140 and creating new functionalities that significantly advance current SOFC technology.…”

Advances in lithium-ion battery materials for ceramic fuel cells

“…Yuan et al prepared a uniform NCAL layer on nickel foam by introducing a new coating spraying technology, namely, low-pressure plasma spraying, which was used as an electrode catalytic coating in low-temperature fuel cells [49] . Chen et al further revealed that the NCAL electrode had good activity for both the ORR and HOR [50] . Furthermore, layered oxide Li(Ni 1/3 C o1/3 Mn 1/3 )O 2 (LNCM) has been developed as an electrode for symmetric CFCs, which provided lower area-specific resistance than that of a NCAL electrode.…”

“…The excessive Li-ion content showed a greater impact on the cathode performance than on the anode [20] . This is because Li 2 CO 3 and a cation-disordered "NiO-like" shell were formed due to the exposure of NCAL to air, leading to a lower activation energy for the ORR and a higher oxygen ion conductivity [50] . Compared with state-of-the-art CFC cathode materials (e.g., LSCF), NCAL displayed a higher ORR activity [75] because lithium-ion migration driven by the chemical potential formed a SCL, which enhanced the number of oxygen vacancies at the interface between the cathode and electrolyte.…”