Since the formulation of supramolecular principles, chemists have been developing systems with enhanced functionalities.[1] More recently, the combination of chemical principles and solid structures has led to new synergic strategies, which embrace unprecedented tunability of the properties of the nanoscopic solids and new perspectives of applicability to supramolecular concepts. [2][3][4][5][6][7] We believe that one field in which these ideas might have a considerable impact is in the development of new chemical signaling protocols. For instance, the blending of models related to chemical sensors and inorganic systems has recently resulted in the preparation of hybrid organic-inorganic materials with enhanced patterns of selectivity. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] In the course of this research we have focused our attention on one type of anion of critical environmental concern, [16][17][18] that is, the anionic surfactants. Surfactants are water-soluble surface-active agents comprised of a hydrophobic portion (a long alkyl chain) attached to a hydrophilic (water-soluble) moiety. Anionic surfactants are of widespread importance in the detergent industry, emulsification, lubrication, catalysis, and so on, and are widely employed. As a result of their anthropogenic origin and extensive use, it is a frequent task to determine surfactants in product formulations and in industrial samples for quality and process control. [19][20][21][22][23] Apart from the efforts in studying methods to reduce their environmental impact, another important aspect is the development of new and improved sensing methods for their determination. Many well-known methodologies require tedious procedures (for example, liquid and gas chromatography) or the use of relatively large amounts of chlorinated solvents that are not readily biodegradable (such as chloroform in the spectroscopic "methylene blue" method), [24] in addition to the fact that these methods cannot usually be used for in situ determinations. A different approach makes use of ion-selective electrodes; however, these still show limitations in their applicability, most commonly related to reproducibility and signal stability. [25][26][27][28][29][30] As a result of these restrictions, there is a real need to develop new methods for anionic surfactant sensing in water that are applicable to a wide range of situations. In this sense, novel selective and sensitive chromo-or fluorogenic methodologies are especially appealing for the design of simple in situ screening applications.As a part of our interest in the development of new chromofluorogenic sensing protocols for target guests, [31][32][33][34][35][36] herein we report a conceptually novel colorimetric method for the selective determination of anionic surfactants based on the use of imidazolium-containing ionic liquids on a solid support. [37][38][39] For this purpose, we have designed and prepared the hybrid system S1 (see Figure 1), which was used in a two-step sensing protocol. In the first step, the contact of S1 with a...