“…Therefore, they show apparent advantages in the fields of luminescent materials, catalysts, electrode materials, and detection. 21,22 Compared to other metal oxide nanomaterials, CeO 2 is the least toxic to human cells. For instance, Asati et al discovered that CeO 2 nanoparticles exhibit oxidase-like activity and can directly catalyze the oxidation reaction of TMB under acidic conditions without the addition of H 2 O 2 , simplifying the detection process and avoiding H 2 O 2 decomposition.…”