Ratiometric Thermometers Based on Rhodamine B and Fluorescein Dye-Incorporated (Nano) Cyclodextrin Metal–Organic Frameworks

Abstract

Macro-and nanosized core, as well as core−shell, γcyclodextrin metal−organic frameworks (γ-CD-MOFs) have been designed and used as platforms for the encapsulation of dye molecules to develop the first CD-MOF-based ratiometric optical thermometer materials. A novel dye combination was employed for this purpose, i.e., the duo rhodamine B (RhB) and fluorescein (FL). RhB is highly temperature-sensitive, whereas FL is less temperature-sensitive, and its luminescence emission peak is used as a reference. Promising results in terms of thermometric properties were obtained for a series of dye-encapsulated γ-CD-MOF materials based on this dye combination, with high relative sensitivities, even up to 5%K −1 , for the dye-encapsulated 75%RhB-25%FL nanosized γ-CD-MOF, among the highest performance values reported so far for luminescent dual thermometers. In our study, we have additionally developed a simple yet effective preparation method for core−shell γ-CD-MOFs, allowing effective manipulation of the γ-CD-MOF shell growth. The proposed method allows incorporation of the FL and RhB dyes in the γ-CD-MOFs in a more controlled manner, enhancing the efficiency of the developed ratiometric (macro) γ-CD-MOF thermometers.

Controllable Aggregation-Induced Emission and Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Behaviors of Bistable [c2] Daisy Chain Rotaxanes for White-Light Emission and Temperature-Sensing Applications

“…Thermosensitive fluorescence materials have attracted considerable attention due to their high visibilities, resolutions, sensitivities, responsibilities, and precisions . Moreover, ratiometric fluorescent thermometers could overcome the intrinsic limitations of single emission color thanks to their promoted contrasts by temperature-responsive dual emissions, which have limited explorations and remaining challenges. − Especially, thermally regulated WLE materials need to be developed owing to their advantages in instinctive observation by the naked eye. Therefore, it is useful to construct new classes of ratiometric WLE-based sensor materials.…”

Luminescent Guests Encapsulated in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Portable Fluorescence Sensor and Visual Detection Applications: A Review

“…Peng et al, proposed a simple and effective approach for the preparation of core–shell γ-CD-MOFs, which allows for the effective manipulation of the growth of the γ-CD-MOF shell. The proposed technique allows for more controlled integration of the FL and RhB dyes into the γ-CD-MOFs, thereby improving the efficiency of the established technology [ 58 ] ( Figure 2 B). A 3D anionic fluorescent MOF (In-dpda), with open 1D square channels, has been fabricated by Jiang and co-workers.…”

“…( E ) Schematic description of the SEM images of ZIF-8-on-In-dpda and EDS mapping images of ZIF-8-on-In-dpda (30 cycles). Reproduced with permission from [ 57 , 58 , 59 ]. Copyright 2020, American Chemical Society; 2022, American Chemical Society; and 2022, Elsevier.…”

Dual-mode vehicles with simultaneous thermometry and drug release properties based on hollow Y2O3:Er,Yb and Y2O2SO4:Er,Yb spheres

“…3 Thus far, numerous luminescent materials have already been proposed as luminescent thermometers for potential use in biomedicine e.g., quantum dots (QDs), uorescent dyes, polymers, lanthanide (Ln)-doped metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and lanthanide-doped nanoparticles. [9][10][11] Among them, lanthanide-based materials are proving to be excellent materials for luminescence thermometry, as they have a large number of closely-lying emissive excited energy states originating from the 4f n conguration. This allows luminescence detection in a wide rangefrom the ultraviolet (UV) over the visible to near-infrared (NIR).…”