Ratio of some cytokines as marker variants of the course of juvenile arthritis

Abstract

The level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in juvenile arthritis (JA) correlates with the activity of the process, reflects the severity of the disease and prognosis. The aim of the study was to study the ratio of initiating and blocking cytokines (IL-1β and IFN-γ) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). And also to conduct a literary analysis of current data on other JIA cytokines (IL-1β/IL-17R) and, using medical records, to analyze the clinical course of juvenile arthritis in children. The study examined 40 children aged 1–3 years old (6 children), 4–12 years (19 children), 13–17 years (15 children) who were hospitalized in the department for older children with pathology of the respiratory system, digestion, rheumatic and allergic diseases of the State Institution "IPAG named after academician O.M. Lukyanova NAMS of Ukraine" in 2018–2019. Among these children, there were 12 with oligoarthritis (oJIA), 17 – with polyarthritis (pJIA), 6 – with enthesitic arthritis (eJIA), 5 – with systemic arthritis (sJIA). Among all children, only one case of positive rheumatoid factor was recorded, in a child from the polyarthritis group (pJIA). As a result of the study, it was found that the content of IL-1β increased significantly only in sJIA (systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis) (30.15±17.09 pg/ml. IFN-γ increased above normal values (up to 50 pg/ml in healthy children) in all cases of JIA, which allows us to note its possible role in initiating the exacerbation. In addition, its maximum values were observed in patients with oJIA, especially in cases with uveitis (7029.2±4750 pg/ml) and were higher (p<0.1) in children aged 1–3 years (1239.143±533.87 pg/ml) compared with adolescents (656.5±295.4 pg/ml). As a result of the study, it was concluded that the balance of cytokines determines the direction of the inflammatory process in JIA. Keywords: acute odontogenic periostitis, children, thyroid disease, Imupret, Calcemin advance.