Ratification as accommodation? Domestic dissent and human rights treaties

Ryckman, Kirssa Cline

doi:10.1177/0022343316630038

“…If ratification of any international treaty is lowering informality, rather than CEDAW specifically, then we should see similar results in the data. To investigate whether this is the case, I performed an additional analysis replacing CEDAW ratification with a dummy variable indicating when countries ratified the Convention Against Torture (CAT) taken from Ryckman (2016). Similar to the main analysis, countries were matched on all of the same covariates utilizing CBPS Weighting with a 3-year lag 26 .…”

Section: Placebo Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Human Rights Treaties Change Economic Outcomes?

Gahagan

2023

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What are the economic effects of political treaties? International treaties like CEDAW have significant effects on women’s political and health outcomes. However, we know little about CEDAW’s effect on the informal economy. I argue that CEDAW ratification reduces informal economic activity by reducing barriers for women in the formal sector. Using non-parametric matching and difference-in-differences, I show ratification reduced informality by as much as 2.2% of GDP in certain regions. This work contributes to research in both international organizations and informal economies in two ways. First, this is the earliest work that explicitly links a human rights treaty to the size of a country’s informal economy. Thus, shedding light on the effects of international human rights treaties on economic outcomes and generating new insights and avenues for future research. Second, by addressing model dependence and relaxing implausible unconfoundedness assumptions, I draw stronger causal inference than previous research has allowed.

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“…If ratification of any international treaty is lowering informality, rather than CEDAW specifically, then we should see similar results in the data. To investigate whether this is the case, I performed an additional analysis replacing CEDAW ratification with a dummy variable indicating when countries ratified the Convention Against Torture (CAT) taken from Ryckman (2016). Similar to the main analysis, countries were matched on all of the same covariates utilizing CBPS Weighting with a 3-year lag 26 .…”

Section: Placebo Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Human Rights Treaties Change Economic Outcomes?

Gahagan

2023

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

What are the economic effects of political treaties? International treaties like CEDAW have significant effects on women’s political and health outcomes. However, we know little about CEDAW’s effect on the informal economy. I argue that CEDAW ratification reduces informal economic activity by reducing barriers for women in the formal sector. Using non-parametric matching and difference-in-differences, I show ratification reduced informality by as much as 2.2% of GDP in certain regions. This work contributes to research in both international organizations and informal economies in two ways. First, this is the earliest work that explicitly links a human rights treaty to the size of a country’s informal economy. Thus, shedding light on the effects of international human rights treaties on economic outcomes and generating new insights and avenues for future research. Second, by addressing model dependence and relaxing implausible unconfoundedness assumptions, I draw stronger causal inference than previous research has allowed.

show abstract

“…If ratification of any international human rights treaty is lowering informality, rather than CEDAW specifically, then we should see similar results in the data. To investigate whether this is the case, I performed an additional analysis replacing CEDAW ratification with a dummy variable indicating when countries ratified the Convention Against Torture (CAT) taken from Ryckman (2016). Similar to the main analysis, countries were matched on all of the same covariates utilizing CBPS Weighting with a https://doi.org/10.33774/apsa-2023-tw0l9-v4 ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6630-8409 Content not peer-reviewed by APSA.…”

Section: International Treaties As a Signaling Devicementioning

confidence: 99%

The Right to Work – How A Human Rights Treaty Reduces The Informal Economy

Gahagan

2023

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0

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International treaties such as CEDAW have been shown to have significant effects on women’s political and health outcomes. However, we know little about CEDAW’s effect on economic outcomes. I argue that ratification reduces informal economic activity by reducing barriers for women in the formal sector. Using matching and difference-in-differences, I show ratification reduced informality by nearly half a percent of GDP globally, with heterogeneous impacts of nearly 1% of GDP on different subsamples. Additionally, I show the mechanism by which ratification works through is the elimination of formal barriers to work for women. This work contributes to research in multiple fields such as international organizations, human rights, and the informal economy literature by explicitly linking a human rights treaty to the size of a country’s informal economy. Thus, shedding light on the effects of international human rights treaties on economic outcomes and generating new insights and avenues for future research.

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Ratification as accommodation? Domestic dissent and human rights treaties

Cited by 6 publications

References 44 publications

Do Human Rights Treaties Change Economic Outcomes?

Do Human Rights Treaties Change Economic Outcomes?

Do Human Rights Treaties Change Economic Outcomes?

The Right to Work – How A Human Rights Treaty Reduces The Informal Economy

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