Rates of Nucleotide Substitution in Primates and Rodents and the Generation–Time Effect Hypothesis

Li, Wen-Hsiung; Ellsworth, Darrell L.; Krushkal, Julia; Chang, Benny Hung-Junn; Hewett‐Emmett, David

doi:10.1006/mpev.1996.0012

Cited by 308 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(17 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

216

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The relative rate test is free from the assumption of species divergence times, but the test may be sensitive to many factors such as sampling errors, outgroup DNA sequences, and genomic regions used. In fact, even for nearly the same data set after excluding unusual -globin genes, Herbert and Easteal (37) and Li et al (38) have reached the opposite conclusions about the rate constancy between primate taxa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evolution of the primate lineage leading to modern humans: Phylogenetic and demographic inferences from DNA sequences

Takahata

Satta

1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

173

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To date major divergences that occurred in the primate lineage leading to modern humans and to infer a demographic parameter (effective population size) of the ancestral lineage that existed at each divergence, a maximum likelihood method was applied to autosomal DNA sequence data currently available for pairs of orthologous genes between the human and each of the chimpanzee, gorilla, Old World monkey (OWM), and New World monkey (NWM). A statistical test is carried out to support the assumption that silent substitutions have accumulated in a clock-like fashion over loci between primate taxa or even among sites within a locus. It is shown that the human ancestral lineage became distinct from the NWM 57.5 million years (Myr) ago, the OWM 31 Myr ago, the gorilla 8.0 Myr ago, and the chimpanzee 4.5 Myr ago, and that the effective population size at these divergences was generally much greater than that of modern humans. It is argued that the human ancestral lineage branched off from the NWM and OWM earlier than once thought and that significant demographic changes might have occurred at different evolutionary stages, particularly at the hominid stage.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Evolution of the primate lineage leading to modern humans: Phylogenetic and demographic inferences from DNA sequences

Takahata

Satta

1997

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

173

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, the mammal rate is similar to the Drosophila rate in SOD, but much faster in GPDH. The generation-time hypothesis (Wu and Li, 1985;Gaut et al, 1992;Li et al, 1996) cannot account for the erratic patterns of GPDH and SOD. This hypothesis assumes that rates of evolution will be increased in organisms with shorter generation times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neutralism and selectionism: the molecular clock

Ayala

2000

Gene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The neutrality theory predicts that the rate of molecular evolution will be constant over time, and thus that there is a molecular clock for timing evolutionary events. It has been observed that the variance of the rate of evolution is generally larger than expected according to the neutrality theory. Several modi®cations of the theory have been proposed to account for the`overdispersion' of the molecular clock, by postulating effects attributed to generation-time, population size, slightly deleterious mutations, repair mechanisms, and the like. An extensive investigation of two proteins, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), manifests that none of these modi®cations can simultaneously account for the disparate patterns observed in both proteins. GPDH evolves very slowly in Drosophila species, but several times faster in mammals, other animals, plants, and fungi. SOD evolves very fast in Drosophila species and also in mammals, but much more slowly in other animals and still slower when plants and fungi are compared to one another, or to animals. q

show abstract

“…Sequence analysis of the duplicated region showed that the nucleotide divergence from the real gene is 1.07%. Based on an estimated mutation rate of nuclear DNA of about 0.14 ± 0.21% per million years (MY) (Li et al, 1996b), we can envisage that the duplication event occurred around 2.5 and 3.3 MY ago. Since the divergence between primates and rodents occurred at least 65 MY ago, these results are consistent with the fact that the murine LPC locus does not seem to contain such a duplication (M Ebihara, personal results).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular analysis of an unstable genomic region at chromosome band 11q23 reveals a disruption of the gene encoding the α2 subunit of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (Pafah1a2) in human lymphoma

et al. 1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rates of Nucleotide Substitution in Primates and Rodents and the Generation–Time Effect Hypothesis

Cited by 308 publications

References 11 publications

Evolution of the primate lineage leading to modern humans: Phylogenetic and demographic inferences from DNA sequences

Evolution of the primate lineage leading to modern humans: Phylogenetic and demographic inferences from DNA sequences

Neutralism and selectionism: the molecular clock

Molecular analysis of an unstable genomic region at chromosome band 11q23 reveals a disruption of the gene encoding the α2 subunit of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (Pafah1a2) in human lymphoma

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About