Rates of flocculation of latex particles by cationic polymers

Gregory, John

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(73)90311-1

Cited by 416 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…By leaving a small proportion of the original negative charge at the surfaces of the fibers, a cationic acrylamide copolymer of very high molecular mass is able to find suitable points of adsorption in order to be effective (Hubbe et al 2012b). Retention aids have been shown to function by a bridging mechanism, such that the polyelectrolyte is able to join the solids together efficiently, especially in the presence of agitation (Gregory 1973;Hubbe et al 2009). The mechanisms of coagulation and flocculation are worth emphasizing here, since essentially the same steps are also often involved in the primary or secondary clarification of P&P effluents.…”

Section: Increased Retention Of Fines and Polymeric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

170

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The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with costeffective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pulp and paper manufacturing; Advanced oxidation; Membrane technologies; Clarification; Activated sludgeContact information: a: North Carolina State University, Dept. of Forest Biomaterials, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 29695-8005; b: WestRock Company, Water and Waste Treatment, 600 S 8th St, Fernandina Beach, FL 32034; c: Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, E-42004 Soria, Spain; d: Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ingn. Quim, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; e: Concordia University, Dept. Bldg. Civil & Environm. Engn., 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd, West Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada; f: University of Jyväskylä, Dept. Chem., Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; g: Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; h: Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Aveiro & Department of Materials and Ceramics, Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; i: FPInnovations, 570 St. Jean Blvd., Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 3J9, Canada; * Corresponding author: hubbe@ncsu.edu Contents of the Article INTRODUCTIONThe pulp and paper (P&P) industry occupies a challenging position with respect to the natural environment. On the positive side, the industry is based on the usage of renewable, photosynthetic resources. On the other hand, the industry discharges huge quantities of aqueous effluents. Large volumes (up to 70 m 3 ) of wastewater ...

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Section: Increased Retention Of Fines and Polymeric Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

170

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, such an enhancement takes place only in higher coagulant dosage. A mechanism of electrostatic patch (Gregory, 1973) can also be invoked for such an enhancement. However, in the respects of turbidity removal, it is not economical for high dosage needed.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Coagulation With Pfsi: Effect Of Silicamentioning

confidence: 99%

Modified Inorganic Polymer Flocculant-PFSi: Its Preparation, Characterization and Coagulation Behavior

2001

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“…In the presence of polyelectrolytes, the simple charge neutralization mechanism is not sufficient to explain the flocculation of colloidal particles for (i) failures of the above observations; (ii) effects due to the molar mass of the polymer (width of the flocculation zone; shifts in the optimal dosage) or (iii) an observation of a higher aggregation rate than would be observed in the presence of a simple electrolyte (Gregory 1973;Vincent 1974). Discrepancies have been attributed to both an uneven distribution of charge on the particles (electrostatic patch model, (Gregory 1973)) or to the likely possibility that both flocculation and charge neutralization mechanisms are likely to occur simultaneously (Vincent 1974). …”

Section: Bridging Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In this case, the charge density of the polymer is more important than its molar mass. Gregory demonstrated that in certain cases, the aggregation rate depended upon the molar mass of the polymer and the ionic strength of the solution (Gregory 1973). This mechanism is generally observed when particles having a low charge density are neutralized by polyelectrolytes with high charge densities.…”

Section: Charge Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting Roles Of Natural Organic Matter On Colloidal Stabilization And Flocculation In Freshwaters

Reinhardt¹

2004

Flocculation in Natural and Engineered Environmental Systems

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Rates of flocculation of latex particles by cationic polymers

Cited by 416 publications

References 14 publications

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Modified Inorganic Polymer Flocculant-PFSi: Its Preparation, Characterization and Coagulation Behavior

Contrasting Roles Of Natural Organic Matter On Colloidal Stabilization And Flocculation In Freshwaters

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