Rates of Coronary Intervention Due to De Novo Significant Atherosclerosis and Cardiac Death Are Very Low in Korean Patients With Vasospastic Angina

Shin, Dong Il; Baek, Sang Hong; Seo, Suk Min; Koh, Yoon Seok; Choi, Yoon Seok; Kim, Dong‐Bin; Her, Sung Ho; Kim, Pum-Joon; Lee, Jong Min; Kim, Hee-Yeol; Yoo, Ki Dong; Seung, Ki‐Bae

doi:10.1253/circj.cj-12-0586

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…in Korea and Japan (1)(2)(3)(4). Thus, VSA is regarded as one of the crucial functional coronary diseases, particularly in the East Asian countries (4,5).…”

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confidence: 99%

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The 24-Month Prognosis of Patients With Positive or Intermediate Results in the Intracoronary Ergonovine Provocation Test

Shin

Baek

Her

et al. 2015

JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions

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“…in Korea and Japan (1)(2)(3)(4). Thus, VSA is regarded as one of the crucial functional coronary diseases, particularly in the East Asian countries (4,5).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…An ischemic ECG change was defined as an ST-segment elevation or depression >0.1 mV or a negative U-wave in at least 2 related leads (2). A multivessel spasm was defined as a positive spasm in more than 2 major ($2.5 mm) epicardial coronary arteries (2,12). The types of spasm were classified into focal, diffuse, and mixed types.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The 24-Month Prognosis of Patients With Positive or Intermediate Results in the Intracoronary Ergonovine Provocation Test

Shin

Baek

Her

et al. 2015

JACC: Cardiovascular Interventions

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“…Further studies should be conducted to fully elucidate the interaction between these two pathologies. Although many clinical prognostic factors of VSA have been suggested, 1,2,13,16,24) multivessel spasm has also been reported as an important prognostic factor in VSA. 13,25,26) Patients with multivessel spasm are more likely to have lethal arrhythmias than those with single vessel spasm and occasionally experience sudden cardiac death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,13) The focal type of spasm was defined as a discrete spasm localized in one coronary segment, whereas a spasm observed continuously from the proximal to the distal segment of the coronary artery was regarded as a diffuse type of spasm. Additionally, the mixed type of spasm was defined as a multivessel spasm in which at least one coronary artery had focal spasm and the other had diffuse spasm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2) Although endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle cell hypercontraction of the coronary artery are known to be important pathogenic mechanisms of coronary spasm, the progression of atherosclerosis was recently reported to be one of the key determinants of coronary spasm. [2][3][4] Renal dysfunction is closely related to cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially in patients with advanced or end-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD).…”

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Impact of Cystatin-C Level on the Prevalence and Angiographic Characteristics of Vasospastic Angina in Korean Patients

et al. 2015

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SummaryCystatin-C, a marker of mild renal dysfunction, has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular diseases including vasospastic angina (VSA). We aimed to investigate the impact of cystatin-C level on the prevalence and angiographic characteristics of VSA in Korean patients.A total of 549 patients in the VA-KOREA (Vasospastic Angina in KOREA) registry who underwent ergonovine provocation tests were consecutively enrolled. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and cystatin-C were assessed before angiography.The patients were classified into two groups: the VSA group (n = 149, 27.1%) and the non-VSA group (n = 400). Although eGFR and Cr levels were similar between the two groups, the VSA group had a significantly higher level of cystatin-C (P < 0.05). A high level of cystatin-C (second tertile, hazard ratio 1.432; 95% confidence interval [1.149-1.805]; P = 0.026, third tertile, 1.947 [1.132-2.719]; P = 0.003) and current smoking (2.710 [1.415-4.098]; P < 0.001) were independently associated with the prevalence of VSA. Furthermore, the highest level of cystatin-C (> 0.96 ng/mL) had a significant impact on the incidence of multivessel spasm (2.608 [1.061-4.596]; P = 0.037).A high level of cystatin-C was independently associated with the prevalence of VSA and with a high-risk type of VSA in Korean patients, suggesting that proactive investigation of VSA should be considered for patients with mild renal dysfunction indicated by elevated cystatin-C. (Int Heart J 2015; 56: 49-55)

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The effects of weight gain after smoking cessation on atherogenic α1-antitrypsin–low-density lipoprotein

et al. 2014

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Although cardiovascular risks decrease after quitting smoking, body weight often increases in the early period after smoking cessation. We have previously reported that the serum level of the α1-antitrypsin–low-density lipoprotein complex (AT–LDL)—an oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein that accelerates atherosclerosis—is high in current smokers, and that the level rapidly decreases after smoking cessation. However, the effects of weight gain after smoking cessation on this cardiovascular marker are unknown. In 183 outpatients (134 males, 49 females) who had successfully quit smoking, serum AT–LDL levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For all persons who had successfully quit smoking, body mass index (BMI) significantly increased 12 weeks after the first examination (p < 0.01). Among patients with a BMI increase smaller than the median, a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in serum AT–LDL values was found, but no significant changes in serum AT–LDL values were found in patients with a BMI increase greater than the median. The findings suggest that the decrease in serum AT–LDL levels after quitting smoking is influenced by weight gain after smoking cessation.

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Rates of Coronary Intervention Due to De Novo Significant Atherosclerosis and Cardiac Death Are Very Low in Korean Patients With Vasospastic Angina

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

The 24-Month Prognosis of Patients With Positive or Intermediate Results in the Intracoronary Ergonovine Provocation Test

The 24-Month Prognosis of Patients With Positive or Intermediate Results in the Intracoronary Ergonovine Provocation Test

Impact of Cystatin-C Level on the Prevalence and Angiographic Characteristics of Vasospastic Angina in Korean Patients

The effects of weight gain after smoking cessation on atherogenic α1-antitrypsin–low-density lipoprotein

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