Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Wisnousky, Holly; Lazzara, Nick; Ciarletta, Matt; Pelton, Matthew; Chinchilli, Vernon M.; Ssentongo, Anna E.; Ssentongo, Paddy

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037154

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This study has been registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020161501) and the protocol is published. 18 This study is being reported per the reporting guidance provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (see online supplemental table 1). 17 We used the study protocol (online supplemental text 1).…”

Section: Database Searches Search Strategy and Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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BackgroundPeople living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) must contend with a significant burden of disease. However, current studies of this demographic have yielded wide variations in the incidence of suicidality (defined as suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide deaths).AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidality in PLWHA.MethodsPublications were identified from PubMed (MEDLINE), SCOPUS, OVID (MEDLINE), Joanna Briggs Institute EBP and Cochrane Library databases (from inception to before 1 February 2020). The search strategy included a combination of Medical Subject Headings associated with suicide and HIV. Researchers independently screened records, extracted outcome measures and assessed study quality. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were conducted to explore the associated risk factors and to identify the sources of heterogeneity. Main outcomes were lifetime incidence of suicide completion and lifetime incidence and prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt.ResultsA total of 185 199 PLWHA were identified from 40 studies (12 cohorts, 27 cross-sectional and 1 nested case-control). The overall incidence of suicide completion in PLWHA was 10.2/1000 persons (95%CI: 4.5 to 23.1), translating to 100-fold higher suicide deaths than the global general population rate of 0.11/1000 persons. The lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 158.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 106.9 to 228.2) and of suicidal ideation was 228.3/1000 persons (95%CI: 150.8 to 330.1). Meta-regression revealed that for every 10-percentage point increase in the proportion of people living with HIV with advanced disease (AIDS), the risk of suicide completion increased by 34 per 1000 persons. The quality of evidence by Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations for the suicide deaths was graded as ‘moderate’ quality.ConclusionsThe risk of suicide death is 100-fold higher in people living with HIV than in the general population. Lifetime incidence of suicidal ideation and attempts are substantially high. Suicide risk assessments should be a priority in PLWHA, especially for those with more advanced disease.

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Section: Database Searches Search Strategy and Termsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2021

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“…However, there was no significant age difference among people with chronic HIV infection. On the contrary, among the studied subjects with HIV-negative status, the level of anxiety increases with increasing age [15,31].…”

Section: Mental Disorders Structure Smith Colin M Kennedy Et Al "Amer...mentioning

confidence: 76%

Neurobiological, Psychological, and Sociodemographic Predictors of Mental Disorders in Hiv Infection (Literature Review)

Cherevko,

Mudrenko

2024

EUMJ

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Introduction. The prevalence of mental disorders among people living with HIV infection has high frequency. According to a 2022 World Health Organization report, up to 70% of people living with HIV have mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and others. Mental disorders can reduce susceptibility to antiretroviral therapy, increase the risk of re-infection with HIV, reduce social and professional adaptation, and increase the risk of suicide and overall mortality. Materials and methods. The literature review was conducted based on published scientific research by ScienceDirect, using information and search systems PubMed and Google Scholar. А review of studies primarily from the last 5 years was conducted. Results. Depression is the leading cause of disability and is the most common HIV-related mental disorder, accounting for about 30% of people living with HIV. Large-scale meta-analyses estimate this prevalence rate is significantly higher than in the general population. Younger people with newly diagnosed HIV infection have higher anxiety levels than older patients. People living with HIV reports higher levels of mental trauma (e.g., child abuse, sexual abuse, physical abuse). The prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorders among people with HIV throughout life is 50% compared to 7% in the general population. The researchers concluded that HIV progression in HIV-infected people with post-traumatic stress disorder is twice as fast. Among the leading causes of developing mental disorders with HIV infection are neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity, psychological factors, and sociodemographic factors. HIV can make people living with HIV more susceptible to depression due to neurotoxicity, which may lead to neurotransmitter dysfunction, metabolic dysfunction, and a chronic increase in inflammatory cytokines. HIV-related stigma leads to negative consequences for the health of people with HIV. Fear of being judged by others impacts decreasing adherence to antiretroviral therapy and internalized HIV stigma provides for low adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Discussion. People living with HIV are more susceptible to developing mental disorders than the general population. Identification and research of mental disorders among people with HIV is important for improving adherence to HIV therapy. Dissemination of truthful information and educational measures about HIV can help reduce stigmatization and discrimination and improve the mental health of people living with HIV.

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“…Studies focused on inflammatory pathology seem to describe an increased risk of suicide in people with SLE [ 45 ], a finding that we have not been able to corroborate given the lack presence of people with SLE in our sample. In the case of HIV infection, studies have linked it to suicide in the presence of other psychiatric comorbidities [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scrutinizing the Profile and Risk Factors of Suicide: A Perspective from a Case–Control Study Focused on a Northern Region of Spain

Aldea

Zarrabeitia

Blanco

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Suicide is a major public health problem the prevention of which has become a priority, and, to this end, knowledge of its risk factors is essential. This study aims to evaluate the impact of some social, medico-legal, and clinical issues on suicide deaths. A total of 135 cases were identified as suicides that occurred in a region of northern Spain between 2018 and 2020. Controls (three for each case) were matched by age, sex, and urban–rural areas. The information was collected retrospectively through electronic health record systems. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to study the association between individual risk factors and suicide. Being male (78.5%), between 40 and 60 years of age, unmarried (70.9%), and unemployed (85%) were associated with suicide deaths. Although the existence of a previous self-harm attempt is presented as the most robust risk factor (OR 22.121 [8.997–54.389]), the presence of a psychiatric diagnosis (OR 12.583 [7.686–20.601]) and cancer (OR 3.729 [1.845–7.536]) also showed a significant relationship with suicide (p < 0.05). Defining and knowing the risk factors for suicide helps to better understand the profiles of those individuals who are vulnerable, and enables prevention actions to be taken in both social and medical spheres.

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Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rates and risk factors for suicidal ideation, suicide attempts and suicide deaths in persons with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Neurobiological, Psychological, and Sociodemographic Predictors of Mental Disorders in Hiv Infection (Literature Review)

Scrutinizing the Profile and Risk Factors of Suicide: A Perspective from a Case–Control Study Focused on a Northern Region of Spain

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