Rate of Passage of Chromic Oxide and Composition of Digesta along the Alimentary Tract of Wethers

Johnson, Donald E.; Dinusson, W. E.; Bolin, D. W.

doi:10.2527/jas1964.232499x

Cited by 14 publications

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“…B. Moran, unpublished data). Even though Cr203 paper may move slower than Cr203 powder, both would move faster than the bulk of the ingested meal (Johnson et al 1964), and this explains the fast apparent rates of passage of ingesta reported above. Therefore these results should only be related between diets within this trial, and should not be compared with data from similar studies where a different gut markers (e.g.…”

Section: Effect Of Alkali Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 90%

The utilization of rice straw fed to Zebu cattle and swamp buffalo as influenced by alkali treatment and Leucaena supplementation

Moran¹,

Satoto²,

Dawson³

1983

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

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AbstvactRice straw was fed ad libitum to Indonesian Zebu (Ongole) and swamp buffalo bulls. The straw was fed either untreated or treated with 4 % NaOH for 24 h, and with or without a Leucaena (L, leucocephala) supplement. Elephant grass (Pennisetum puvpuveum) was fed as a control diet.Alkali treatment improved digestibility of dietary nutrients and the metabolizability of dietary energy, and was associated with an increase in the movement of water and digesta through the gut. However, it also depressed appetite by 25-30%, and this may have been related to the high pH of both the diet and the rumen following feeding. Intake of the alkali-treated rice straw, when fed with Leucaena, was increased by up to 30%, whereas that of untreated rice straw was depressed by 10-20%. In the Leucaena-supplemented animals, increases were observed in rate of passage of digesta, balances of dietary nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium) and levels of rumen metabolites. The animals offered elephant grass had similar intakes to those of animals receiving untreated, unsupplemented rice straw.The Ongoles and buffaloes responded in a similar manner to the various dietary treatments and, apart from differences in water metabolism, urinary urea-nitrogen excretion and rate of passage of digesta, the nutritional physiology of the two animal species was very similar.

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Section: Effect Of Alkali Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 90%

The utilization of rice straw fed to Zebu cattle and swamp buffalo as influenced by alkali treatment and Leucaena supplementation

Moran¹,

Satoto²,

Dawson³

1983

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

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“…Phillipson & Storry (1965) could not find any Ca2" net movement when they introduced Ca2" solutions into the ligated rumen of unaesthetized sheep, and they even doubted whether the rumen wall was permeable for Ca2l ions. Net absorption of about 2 g calcium/ day has been reported by Johnson, Dinusson & Bolin (1964) for sheep supplied with 21 g calcium/day, though these measurements were made in the ligated rumen of slaughtered sheep. Care, Brown, Farrar & Pickard (1984) observed an increase in the net rate of absorption of Ca2" when the concentration of Ca2" in a solution placed in a rumen pouch was increased from 2 to 8 mmol 1-l.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FLUX OF CALCIUM ACROSS THE SHEEP RUMEN WALL IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

Höller¹,

Breves²,

Kocabatmaz

et al. 1988

Exp Physiol

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Experiments were carried out in vivo and in vitro to study the flux of Ca2+ across the sheep rumen wall. Buffer solutions with five different Ca2+ concentrations in the range 0.2-3.6 mmol l-1 were introduced into the isolated, emptied and washed reticulo-rumen for 1 h to determine Ca2+ net flux. Phosphate concentrations were either kept constant at 8 mmol l-1, or varied so as to maintain a constant phosphate/Ca2+ ratio of 2:1. Under both conditions there was a Ca2+ net secretion into the rumen at Ca2+ concentrations below approximately 1 mmol l-1 whereas Ca2+ net absorption occurred at higher Ca2+ concentrations and linearly increased with increasing Ca2+ concentrations. When phosphate concentrations were reduced to 4.3 and 0.6 mmol l-1 (Ca2+, 3 mmol l-1) Ca2+ net absorption was reduced by about 50% and completely abolished, respectively. The unidirectional (mucosal-to-serosal or serosal-to-mucosal) Ca fluxes in vitro, JCams and JCasm, were measured in Ussing chambers with computer-controlled voltage clamp. Under short-circuit current conditions (Ca2+ and phosphate, 2 mmol l-1) there was a significant net flux of Ca2+ from the mucosal to the serosal side. This net flux of Ca2+ was abolished when ouabain was added to the serosal solution, indicating that the unidirectional Ca2+ flux JCams and, hence, the net flux of Ca2+ was dependent upon active Na+ transport accomplished by the Na, K-ATPase system. Under voltage clamp conditions, the net flux of Ca2+ was greatly increased at a potential difference PD = -25 mV (serosa negative) but disappeared at PD = +25 mV (serosa positive). Analysis of the unidirectional Ca2+ fluxes JCams and JCasm under varying potential differences indicated that both Ca2+ fluxes consisted of a PD-dependent and a PD-independent component. The results show that the reticulo-rumen participates in Ca2+ absorption in sheep.

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“…It is also possible, though unlikely with long roughages, that Cr2C>3 may have accummulated in the posterior gut (Johnson et al, 1964) and have been excreted in uneven concentrations. It is possible that the lower intake of silage by the high barley group was reflected in a less regular rate of passage of cellulose digesta through the alimentary tract.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Low recoveries of Cr2C>3 may be associated with the method of Cr2C>3 administration (Johnson, Dinusson and Bolin, 1964;Curran, Leaver and Weston, 1967). Low recoveries of Cr2C>3 may be associated with the method of Cr2C>3 administration (Johnson, Dinusson and Bolin, 1964;Curran, Leaver and Weston, 1967).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Chromic Oxide in the Measurement of Individual Feed Intake in Cattle Fed on Silage and Barley

Wilkinson

Prescott

1970

Anim. Sci.

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1. Three experiments are reported in which chromic oxide, administered as a component of shredded paper at 09.00 and 16.30 hr daily, was used in the estimation of the faecal output of steers fed on silage and barley. 2. Four Friesian steers of 160 kg live weight were used in experiment 1. They were fed on grass silage ad libitum with controlled allowances of concentrate supplement. 'Absolute' recovery of Cr 2 O3 in total collections was 85-91 %, though it was apparent that some faeces may have been lost from the total collections. 'Relative' recovery in grab samples was 97 %. 3. Diurnal variation in Cr2O3 excretion was investigated in experiment 2 with four yearling Friesian steers. Faeces were sampled in three 24-hr periods at each natural defaecation. A significant and consistent diurnal variation was observed, with the lowest concentration of Cr 2 O3 occurring during the night. Concurrent grab samples taken at 09.15 and 17.00 hr over four days gave estimates of Cr2O3 in the faeces which were 16-27 % higher than the mean concentration for the three 24-hr sampling periods. 4. Day-to-day variation in the Cr 2 O3 content of grab samples was examined in experiment 3 with eight yearling Friesian steers. Four steers received 3-63 kg/head per day of barley supplement and four received 1-81 kg. Both groups were offered silage of 25% dry matter ad libitum. Faeces were sampled per rectum twice daily at 09.15 and 17.00 hr over four-day sampling periods. The degree of day-to-day variation was small and tended to be random.

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Rate of Passage of Chromic Oxide and Composition of Digesta along the Alimentary Tract of Wethers

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

The utilization of rice straw fed to Zebu cattle and swamp buffalo as influenced by alkali treatment and Leucaena supplementation

The utilization of rice straw fed to Zebu cattle and swamp buffalo as influenced by alkali treatment and Leucaena supplementation

FLUX OF CALCIUM ACROSS THE SHEEP RUMEN WALL IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

The Use of Chromic Oxide in the Measurement of Individual Feed Intake in Cattle Fed on Silage and Barley

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