Rate of mother to child transmission of HIV and factors associated among HIV exposed infants in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Retrospective study

Obsa, Siyum; Dabsu, Ragea; Ejeta, Eyasu

doi:10.1016/j.epag.2018.07.002

Cited by 16 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Eleven studies were included to assess the association between place of delivery and HIV infection [ 6 , 7 , 10 , 14 , 18 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 37 , 38 ]. The findings showed that the place of delivery was significantly associated with vertical transmission of HIV.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The place of delivery [ 6 , 7 , 10 , 14 , 18 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 38 , 39 ], mixed feeding [ 6 , 9 , 15 , 21 , 25 , 27 , 39 ], mother’s age [ 5 , 24 ], residence [ 7 , 27 ], time to initiate infant prophylaxis [ 7 – 10 , 27 ], mother’s HIV stage [ 9 , 18 ], antenatal care visits [ 8 , 9 , 18 ], prevention of vertical HIV infection [ 6 , 7 , 24 ], and feeding practices [ 7 , 8 , 24 ] were a number of the factors for acquisitions of HIV infection for exposed infants and children. Of these factors, four factors (place of delivery, duration of mother on ART, initiation of ART prophylaxis for newborns, and mixed feeding) were chosen to work out their effect on vertical HIV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV exposed infants in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020

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Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is one of the most important global health problems. More than one and half million of children are living with HIV in the world, and majority of them are found in sub-Saharan Africa. There are primary fragmented study findings, and no review was conducted with regard to vertical HIV infection in East Africa. Therefore, this review aimed to assess the prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV-exposed infants in East Africa. Main body Eligible studies were retrieved by relevant search terms in CINHAL, Pub-MED, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Cochrane, African Journals Online databases, and Ethiopian University research repositories. Data were extracted with Microsoft Excel and analyzed with Stata version 11 software. The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of vertical HIV infection in East Africa. The variation between studies was quantified with an I2 statistic test. Furthermore, sub-group and meta-regression analyses were done to identify the sources of heterogeneity between the studies. The publication bias was assessed by Egger test. This systematic review and meta-analysis have included a total of 33 research articles. The overall pooled prevalence of vertical HIV infection in East Africa was 7.68% with a 95% confidence interval [CI]: (6.23, 9.12) with a heterogeneity of I2 = 86.8 with a p value < 0.001. In subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of vertical HIV infection in cross-sectional studies was 6.58%, while in cohort studies were 9.37%. Mixed feeding, AOR = 6.22 (1.02, 11.41); home delivery, AOR = 2 (1.01, 3); mothers took ART less than 4 weeks, AOR = 1.92 (1.79, 2.06); and infants who have not received ARV prophylaxis, AOR = 2.02 (1.05, 2.98) were the associated factors for vertical HIV infection for exposed infants. Conclusions The pooled prevalence of the mother to child transmission of HIV is way more than the desired target of the World Health Organization, which is less than 5% in breastfeeding populations. Thus, strengthening the prevention of vertical HIV transmission, promotion of exclusive breastfeeding, timely initiation of ART prophylaxis for HIV exposed infants, encouragement of hospital delivery, and the start of ART at the time of diagnosis of every HIV-positive person may all reduce the transmission of vertical HIV infection.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV exposed infants in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020

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“…Infant CD4 count and viral load were the only consistent factors in the estimation and prediction of mother to infant HIV infections as they had confidence intervals close to zero. This was as with the case for Fondoh et al [3], Izudi et al [13] and Obsa et al [8] who used a multivariate logistic approach to modeling of the mother to infant HIV infections.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Mugwenza et al (2018) used the Binary Logistic Regression to determine the predictors of HIV transmission [9]. Izudi et al (2018) used the Multivariable logistic regression to determine the factors that were independently associated with mother to child transmission of HIV [13] while Obsa et al (2018) used the Binary logistic regression [8].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ordinal Regression Modeling of Mother to Infant HIV Transmission in Nyeri County, Kenya

Njoki¹,

Wanjoya²,

Waititu³

2020

IJDSA

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“…Option A, Option B, and Option B+. 5,6 The federal ministry of health of Ethiopia was adopted the Option B+ PMTCT program in August 2012 and started its implementation after wards. 7 Although efforts to eliminate MTCT in Ethiopia is good; data from 2010 up to 2013 showed ARV treatment for HIV positive pregnant women was 55% and also MTCT of HIV after the breast feeding period in 2012 and 2013 were 32% and 25% respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence of Option B+ prevention of mother-to-child transmission program and its associated factors among pregnant and lactating mothers in public health facilities of East Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017

Demelash¹,

Abebe²,

Sharew

et al. 2019

Int J Sci Rep

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Background: Adherence of antiretroviral treatment (ART) among women on prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) program is a central component to reduce viral loads and achieve elimination of mother to child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to Ethiopia. Option B+ PMTCT program is a recently introduced approach to eliminate new HIV infection among child. There is limited evidence on the drug adherence of women on ART in the Option B+ strategy. The aim was to assess adherence of Option B+ PMTCT drug and its associated factors among pregnant & lactating mothers in health facilities of East Gojjam zone, Amhara, Ethiopia, 2017.Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study design was conducted from randomly selected three public health facilities in East Gojjam zone. Data was entered in to Epi data 3.1 and cleared then transferred to SPSS version 20 for analysis. To assess the associated factors, logistic regression model was employed. A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Adherence on Option B+ PMTCT drug was 75%. The likelihood of being adherence found to be significant association with the following variables: Mother’s educational status (AOR=2.03; 95%CI: 1.465, 8.918), partner occupation (AOR=4.73; 95%CI: 1.12, 19.87), time to reach to health facility (AOR=0.21; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.824), and maternal HIV knowledge (AOR=0.13; 95%CI: 0.03, 0.44).Conclusions: Adherence to Option B+ PMTCT drug in East Gojjam zone, Amhara region was low compared to the national goal. Effort should be made both governmentally as well as non- governmentally to advance the knowledge about Option B+ PMTCT program so as to improve the long term maternal and child health.

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Rate of mother to child transmission of HIV and factors associated among HIV exposed infants in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Retrospective study

Cited by 16 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV exposed infants in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence of vertical HIV infection and its risk factors among HIV exposed infants in East Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Ordinal Regression Modeling of Mother to Infant HIV Transmission in Nyeri County, Kenya

Adherence of Option B+ prevention of mother-to-child transmission program and its associated factors among pregnant and lactating mothers in public health facilities of East Gojjam zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2017

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