Rate of Hospitalizations and Mortality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Compared to Influenza in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Maggi, Stefania; Veronese, Nicola; Burgio, Marianna Ilarj; Cammarata, Giorgia; Ciuppa, Maria Elena; Ciriminna, Stefano; Gennaro, Francesco Di; Smith, Lee; Trott, Mike; Domínguez, Ligia J.; Giammanco, Anna; Grazia, Simona De; Costantino, Claudio; Vitale, Francesco; Barbagallo, Mario

doi:10.3390/vaccines10122092

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The disease burden of RSV infections in young children, adults and older adults has been undergoing a re-evaluation in recent years to facilitate planning of future vaccination strategies and provide better estimates of the economic costs incurred by annual RSV epidemics. A systematic review and meta-analysis has shown that RSV and influenza virus infection of older adults leads to a similar rate of hospitalization and mortality [25]. In contrast, a retrospective cohort study from Eastern Finland in 2017–2018 showed that RSV-infected patients were older and had an increased risk of hospitalization and mortality in comparison to influenza virus-infected adults [26 ▪▪ ].…”

Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in the modern era

Ludlow

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of reviewRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) continues to be a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants, young children, and older adults. In this review, changes in the epidemiology of RSV during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are highlighted together with the role which increased molecular surveillance efforts will have in future in assessing the efficacy of vaccines and therapeutics.Recent findingsThe introduction of nonpharmaceutical intervention (NPIs) strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic between 2020 and 2022 resulted in worldwide disruption to the epidemiology of RSV infections, especially with respect to the timing and peak case rate of annual epidemics. Increased use of whole genome sequencing along with efforts to better standardize the nomenclature of RSV strains and discrimination of RSV genotypes will support increased monitoring of relevant antigenic sites in the viral glycoproteins. Several RSV vaccine candidates based on subunit, viral vectors, nucleic acid, or live attenuated virus strategies have shown efficacy in Phase 2 or 3 clinical trials with vaccines using RSVpreF protein currently the closest to approval and use in high-risk populations. Finally, the recent approval and future use of the extended half-life human monoclonal antibody Nirsevimab will also help to alleviate the morbidity and mortality burden caused by annual epidemics of RSV infections.SummaryThe ongoing expansion and wider coordination of RSV molecular surveillance efforts via whole genome sequencing will be crucial for future monitoring of the efficacy of a new generation of vaccines and therapeutics.

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Section: Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in the modern era

Ludlow

2023

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“…Furthermore, as we mentioned earlier, the available global-level reviews [5][6][7][8][9][10] were able to identify only a limited number of Italian studies. In this SRMA, we aimed to comprehensively collect and analyze available data on RSV epidemiology and BoD in Italian adults with the ultimate goal of informing and supporting National and local decision makers on the planification and implementation of vaccination strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Epidemiology and burden of respiratory syncytial virus in Italian adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Domnich,

Calabrò

2024

Preprint

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Objective Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory pathogen not only in children, but also in adults. Country-specific data on the epidemiology and burden of disease are essential for policy decisions. In view of a recent authorization of adult RSV vaccines, we aimed to comprehensively collect and assess evidence on the epidemiology and burden of RSV in Italian adults. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted according to the available guidelines. Random-effects proportional meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates and the observed heterogeneity was investigated by using both subgroup and meta-regression analyses. Results A total of 35 studies were identified. RSV seasonal attack rates ranged from 0.8 ‰ in community-dwelling older adults to 10.9% in hematological outpatients. On average, 4.5% (95% CI: 3.2-5.9%) of respiratory samples tested positive for RSV. This positivity prevalence was higher in older adults (4.4%; 95% CI: 2.8-6.3%) than in working-age adults (3.5%; 95% CI: 2.5-4.6%) and in outpatient (4.9%; 95% CI: 3.1-7.0%) than inpatient (2.9%; 95% CI: 1.5-4.8%) settings. Study location and sample size were also significant predictors of RSV detection frequency. The pooled estimate of in-hospital mortality was as high as 7.2% (95% CI: 4.7-10.3%). However, other important indicators of the diseases burden, such as complication and hospitalization rates, are missing. Conclusion RSV poses a measurable burden on Italian adults, especially those of older age and with some co-morbidities. Policy makers should give priority to health technology assessment of the novel RSV vaccines.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) [5][6][7][8][9][10] have investigated global epidemiology and burden of RSV in (older) adults. These reviews have advocated high incidence, hospitalization, mortality and case-fatality rates of RSV [5][6][7][8][9][10], which seem similar to seasonal influenza [9], and pointed out a substantial case under-ascertainment [10]. Moreover, there was a large between-country variation in estimates of the burden of disease (BoD) [6], which is driven by numerous factors, from climatic conditions [11] to the features of surveillance systems in place [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiology and burden of respiratory syncytial virus in Italian adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Domnich,

Calabrò

2024

PLoS ONE

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Objective Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common respiratory pathogen not only in children, but also in adults. In view of a recent authorization of adult RSV vaccines in Italy, our research question was to quantify the epidemiology and burden of RSV in Italian adults. Methods Observational studies on the epidemiology and clinical burden of laboratory-confirmed or record-coded RSV infection in Italian adults of any age were eligible. Studies with no separate data for Italian adults, modeling and other secondary publications were excluded. A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Biological Abstracts, Global Health, Scopus and Web of Science on 22 November 2023. Critical appraisal was performed by means of a Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. Random-effects (RE) meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates and the observed heterogeneity was investigated by subgroup and meta-regression analyses. The protocol was prospectively registered (doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.5qpvo32odv4o/v1). Results Thirty-five studies were identified, most of which had at least one possible quality concern. RSV seasonal attack rates ranged from 0.8 ‰ in community-dwelling older adults to 10.9% in hematological outpatients. In the RE model, 4.5% (95% CI: 3.2–5.9%) of respiratory samples tested positive for RSV. This positivity prevalence was higher in older adults (4.4%) than in working-age adults (3.5%) and in outpatient (4.9%) than inpatient (2.9%) settings. According to the meta-regression, study location and sample size were also significant predictors of RSV detection frequency. The pooled estimate of in-hospital mortality was as high as 7.2% (95% CI: 4.7–10.3%). Data on other indicators of the diseases burden, such as complication and hospitalization rates, were unavailable. Conclusion RSV poses a measurable burden on Italian adults, especially those of older age and with some co-morbidities. However, several data on the natural history of RSV disease are missing and should be established by future large-scale studies.

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Rate of Hospitalizations and Mortality of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Compared to Influenza in Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 13 publications

References 54 publications

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in the modern era

Respiratory syncytial virus infection in the modern era

Epidemiology and burden of respiratory syncytial virus in Italian adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiology and burden of respiratory syncytial virus in Italian adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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