Rate of force development and rapid muscle activation characteristics of knee extensors in very old men

Varesco, Giorgio; Espeit, Loïc; Féasson, Léonard; Lapole, Thomas; Rozand, Vianney

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2019.110640

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Therefore, other factors in addition to maximal force capacity likely influence STS performance (59). Maximal strength plays a major role in an individual's ability to express force rapidly (29,30,32,37). We observed MVF to be directly related to late RFD in both the CKD and REF groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…More specifically, neural factors are suggested to predominantly influence the initial rise in force following the onset of muscle contraction (<100 ms) while skeletal muscle factors become more prominent during the later stages of RFD (>100 ms) (29)(30)(31)(32). Decreases in muscle activation, maximal force capacity, and muscle quality, and alterations in muscle architecture have been reported to contribute to reductions in both early and late time intervals of RFD in older adults (24,(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). However, the effects of neuromuscular factors on early and late RFD and the potential implications for physical functioning in CKD is less understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rate of Force Development Is Related to Maximal Force and Sit-to-Stand Performance in Men With Stages 3b and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Gollie¹,

Harris‐Love²,

Patel³

et al. 2021

Front. Rehabilit. Sci.

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Introduction: The primary aims of the present study were to assess the relationships of early (0–50 ms) and late (100–200 ms) knee extensor rate of force development (RFD) with maximal voluntary force (MVF) and sit-to-stand (STS) performance in participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not requiring dialysis.Methods: Thirteen men with CKD (eGFR = 35.17 ±.5 ml/min per 1.73 m2, age = 70.56 ±.4 years) and 12 non-CKD men (REF) (eGFR = 80.31 ± 4.8 ml/min per 1.73 m2, age = 70.22 ±.9 years) performed maximal voluntary isometric contractions to determine MVF and RFD of the knee extensors. RFD was measured at time intervals 0–50 ms (RFD0−50) and 100–200 ms (RFD100−200). STS was measured as the time to complete five repetitions. Measures of rectus femoris grayscale (RF GSL) and muscle thickness (RF MT) were obtained via ultrasonography in the CKD group only. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to examine differences between groups. Bivariate relationships were assessed by Pearson's product moment correlation.Results: Knee extensor MVF adjusted for body weight (CKD=17.14 ±.1 N·kg0.67, REF=21.55 ±.3 N·kg0.67, SMD = 0.79) and STS time (CKD = 15.93 ±.4 s, REF = 12.23 ±.7 s, SMD = 1.03) were lower in the CKD group than the REF group. Absolute RFD100−200 was significantly directly related to adjusted MVF in CKD (r = 0.56, p = 0.049) and REF (r = 0.70, p = 0.012), respectively. STS time was significantly inversely related to absolute (r = −0.75, p = 0.008) and relative RFD0−50 (r = −0.65, p = 0.030) in CKD but not REF (r = 0.08, p = 0.797; r = 0.004, p = 0.991). Significant inverse relationships between RF GSL adjusted for adipose tissue thickness and absolute RFD100−200 (r =−0.59, p = 0.042) in CKD were observed.Conclusion: The results of the current study highlight the declines in strength and physical function that occur in older men with CKD stages 3b and 4 not requiring dialysis. Moreover, early RFD was associated with STS time in CKD while late RFD was associated MVF in both CKD and REF.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03160326 and NCT02277236.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of Force Development Is Related to Maximal Force and Sit-to-Stand Performance in Men With Stages 3b and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Gollie¹,

Harris‐Love²,

Patel³

et al. 2021

Front. Rehabilit. Sci.

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“…In older adults, only one previous study observed lower EMG activity at high (240°·s −1 ) compared with moderate (120–180°·s −1 ) angular velocities (30). The lower muscle excitation found during the LL condition may be due to the shorter times needed to execute repetitions with the LL, possibly combined with a diminished ability of rapid muscle excitation (i.e., reduced EMG rise) and force production that has been reported in older adults (10,22,37). Hence, the time constraint inherent to the faster (LL) ballistic repetitions may have limited the ability of older adults to reach muscle excitation levels similar to those observed during the slower (HL) ballistic repetitions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Mechanical Characteristics of Heavy vs. Light Load Ballistic Resistance Training in Older Adults

Alcázar

Sánchez-Martín

Ara

et al. 2020

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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“…The instruction given for all MVICs was to contract “as hard as possible,” while for impulsive contractions the participants were asked to extend the knee “as fast as possible” without any countermovement (Varesco et al 2019 ). In case of a countermovement (determined by a force drop of 2 N below the baseline right before the impulsive contraction) or pre-tension (determined by a force level ≥ 2 N above the baseline right before the impulsive contraction) the contraction was repeated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In case of a countermovement (determined by a force drop of 2 N below the baseline right before the impulsive contraction) or pre-tension (determined by a force level ≥ 2 N above the baseline right before the impulsive contraction) the contraction was repeated. The impulsive contractions were also repeated if the force level was < 70% of the MVIC that preceded the series of impulsive contractions (Varesco et al 2019 ). All testing protocols were performed with real-time visual feedback.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Downhill running affects the late but not the early phase of the rate of force development

et al. 2022

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Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the acute changes in the knee extensors maximum voluntary isometric contraction force (MVIC), rate of force development (RFD), and rate of EMG rise (RER) following a bout of downhill running. Methods MVIC and RFD at 0–50, 50–100, 100–200, and 0–200 ms were determined in thirteen men (22 ± 2 yr) before and after 30 min of downhill running (speed: 10 km h−1; slope: − 20%). Vastus lateralis maximum EMG (EMGmax) and RER at 0–30, 0–50, and 0–75 ms were also recorded. Results MVIC, RFD0–200, and EMGmax decreased by ~ 25% [Cohen’s d = − 1.09 (95% confidence interval: − 1.88/− 0.24)], ~ 15% [d = − 0.50 (− 1.26/0.30)], and ~ 22% [d = − 0.37 (− 1.13/0.42)] (all P < 0.05), respectively. RFD100–200 was also reduced [− 25%; d = − 0.70 (− 1.47/0.11); P < 0.001]. No change was observed at 0–50 ms and 50–100 ms (P ≥ 0.05). RER values were similar at each time interval (all P > 0.05). Conclusion Downhill running impairs the muscle capacity to produce maximum force and the overall ability to rapidly develop force. No change was observed for the early phase of the RFD and the absolute RER, suggesting no alterations in the neural mechanisms underlying RFD. RFD100–200 reduction suggests that impairments in the rapid force-generating capacity are located within the skeletal muscle, likely due to a reduction in muscle–tendon stiffness and/or impairments in the muscle contractile apparatus. These findings may help explain evidence of neuromuscular alterations in trail runners and following prolonged duration races wherein cumulative eccentric loading is high.

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Rate of force development and rapid muscle activation characteristics of knee extensors in very old men

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

Rate of Force Development Is Related to Maximal Force and Sit-to-Stand Performance in Men With Stages 3b and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Rate of Force Development Is Related to Maximal Force and Sit-to-Stand Performance in Men With Stages 3b and 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

Mechanical Characteristics of Heavy vs. Light Load Ballistic Resistance Training in Older Adults

Downhill running affects the late but not the early phase of the rate of force development

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