Rate of aphasia among stroke patients discharged from hospitals in the United States

Ellis, Charles; Hardy, Rob; Lindrooth, Richard C.; Peach, Richard K.

doi:10.1080/02687038.2017.1385052

Cited by 34 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These groups were included separately (see Table 1 and Fig 2). I excluded 11 reviews [6,9,10,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53], 34 studies with insufficient information about the sexes [2,, 6 studies with insufficient aphasia information [87][88][89][90][91][92], 14 studies with insufficiently specified sampling procedure for aphasia patients from stroke cohorts [93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106], and one study with repetition of data use [38] (see Fig 1). Fig 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in post-stroke aphasia rates are caused by age. A meta-analysis and database query

Wallentin

2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Studies have suggested that aphasia rates are different in men and women following stroke. One hypothesis says that men have more lateralized language function than women. Given unilateral stroke, this would lead to a prediction of men having higher aphasia rates than women. Another line of observations suggest that women are more severely affected by stroke, which could lead to a higher aphasia rate among women. An additional potential confounding variable could be age, given that women are typically older at the time of stroke. Methods & Procedures:This study consists of two parts. First, a meta-analysis of the available reports of aphasia rates in the two sexes was conducted. A comprehensive literature search yielded 25 studies with sufficient information about both aphasia and gender. These studies included a total of 48,362 stroke patients for which aphasia rates were calculated.Second, data were extracted from an American health database (with 1,967,038 stroke patients), in order to include age and stroke severity into a regression analysis of sex differences in aphasia rates.Outcomes & Results: Both analyses revealed significantly larger aphasia rates in women than in men (1.1-1.14 ratio). This speaks against the idea that men should be more lateralized in their language function. When age and stroke severity were included as covariates, sex failed to explain any aphasia rate sex difference above and beyond that which is explained by age differences at time of stroke.A stroke is a medical condition in which blood flow to the brain is restricted, due to occlusion (ischemic stroke) or hemorrhage (hemorrhagic stroke), resulting in cell death (WHO). In the US alone, approximately 800,000 people experience a stroke every year, according to the American Heart Association [1]. Stroke is the leading cause of motor and cognitive disability in western countries and aphasia, the inability to comprehend and formulate language because of brain damage, is one of the most common deficits after stroke. A large variability in the reported frequency of aphasia can be found in the literature [e.g. 2, 3-5], ranging from 15 % to 68 % of acute patients. A recent meta-analysis, however, concluded that aphasia is present in approximately 30 % of acute patients and 34 % in rehabilitation settings [6]. Variability of measured rate of aphasia has many causes. The method for aphasia identification differs between hospitals and countries and some sub-scores for aphasia in stroke scales have been found to be limited in their accuracy and reliability [7,8]. Another potential source of variance may be sex. The above-mentioned meta-analysis did not take potential sex differences into account.Stroke has been noted to affect the sexes differently. Stroke has been reported to be more common among men [9]. The symptoms of stroke have also been found to differ somewhat between men and women. Women are often more severely affected overall, more often experience paralysis, impaired consciousness and altered mental status together wit...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex differences in post-stroke aphasia rates are caused by age. A meta-analysis and database query

Wallentin

2018

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A more recent study showed that more than 18% of all stroke survivors discharged from US hospitals have a diagnosis of aphasia (Ellis et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gender differences in aphasia outcomes: evidence from the AphasiaBank

Sharma

Briley

Wright

et al. 2019

Intl J Lang & Comm Disor

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Aphasia is a language impairment which results as a consequence of stroke. Gender differences are reported in underlying mechanisms of stroke, however, gender differences in aphasia type and severity remain unclear. Aims: To examine gender differences in aphasia impairment based on data from AphasiaBank, a research repository of data obtained from studies of aphasia. Methods & Procedures:The data were collected from AphasiaBank for 294 persons with aphasia (PWA) (172 men, 122 women). Baseline comparisons by gender groups were completed using independent samples t-tests and Pearson Chi square statistics. Univariate comparisons of the total Western Aphasia Battery-Revised (WAB-R) -AQ and -R subtests' scores were compared between the two groups using independent samples t-tests. Multivariate comparisons were completed by using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Outcomes & Results: Gender differences were observed in the severity of aphasia with men exhibiting more severe aphasia than women. Analyses of WAB-R indicated greater impairment among men based on AQ and greater impairment was observed in individual subtest performance. Men exhibited statistically significantly lower WAB-R AQs than women (67.4 versus 75.6). Lower WAB-R AQs were derived from lower scores among men on individual subtests; information content, fluency, repetition, sentence completion, responsive speech and tests of comprehension (yes/no, auditory word recognition and sequential commands). Conclusions & Implications:This study offers evidence of gender differences in aphasia severity, global communication impairment and lower scores on individual subtests used to derive the WAB-R AQ. The limitations of the study with suggestions for future directions are presented.

show abstract

“…3 Aphasia is a poststroke condition where social networks appear critical to recovery. Recent estimates suggest that approximately 18% of individuals with a diagnosis of stroke are discharged from U.S. hospitals with aphasia 6 and there are believed to be more than 2.5 million Americans currently living with aphasia. 7 An expansive literature currently exists describing social networks of individuals with poststroke aphasia and the impact of social networks on aphasia recovery.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10]15,17 Although some studies of social networks among individuals with aphasia have included young adults, most have focused on adults older than 65 years which is the typical age for experiencing a stroke and poststroke aphasia. 6,7 Less attention has been given to young adult stroke survivors with aphasia where social networks may differ from that of older adults and may be differentially impacted by the stroke event and presence of aphasia. According to Ellis and colleagues, approximately 26% of a sample of 28,086 individuals with poststroke aphasia were younger than 65 years and 11% were younger than 55 years.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Ellis and colleagues, approximately 26% of a sample of 28,086 individuals with poststroke aphasia were younger than 65 years and 11% were younger than 55 years. 6 National estimates in the United States indicate that the rate of stroke per 10,000 hospitalizations is 8.4 for those aged 18 to 34 years, 47.6 for those 35 to 44 years, and 122.9 for those 45 to 54.2 years. 18 The cause of stroke in younger adults differs from that of older adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Social Network Structure in Young Stroke Survivors with Aphasia: A Case Series Report

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to profile the social networks of young adult stroke survivors with aphasia. A case series approach using four persons with aphasia (PWA) younger than 50 years was utilized. Semistructured interviews were completed with the PWA and their primary caregiver/family to explore the most salient relationships in the PWA's social network. PWAs in this study exhibited very small social networks with the most salient relationships consisting of immediate family members. Mothers were the primary caregiver for the two most impaired PWA. Prestroke friendships were dissolved or reduced at the onset of aphasia. The most impaired PWAs spent most of their days in isolation without a consistent communication partner. This study suggests young adult stroke survivors with aphasia have significant changes in their social network structure after stroke, but it is unclear if the observed change in social network structure is more related to age or level of communication impairment.

show abstract

Rate of aphasia among stroke patients discharged from hospitals in the United States

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Sex differences in post-stroke aphasia rates are caused by age. A meta-analysis and database query

Sex differences in post-stroke aphasia rates are caused by age. A meta-analysis and database query

Gender differences in aphasia outcomes: evidence from the AphasiaBank

Social Network Structure in Young Stroke Survivors with Aphasia: A Case Series Report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About